osmosis

Question 1

definition of osmosis

Answer 1

‘the net diffusion of free water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration across a partially-permeable membrane

Question 2

what is a semi/partially permeable membrane?

Answer 2

a membrane that only allows certain particles through. in the case of osmosis it allows water molecules through however other molecules can be too big to get through.

Question 3

what is water potential?

Answer 3

a measure of the concentration of free water molecules in a solution

Question 4

how does water potential change?

Answer 4

-pure water has a water potential of 0, and as solute is added, water potential falls as there is a lower concentration of free water molecules
-therefore concentrated solutions have a very LOW water potential

Question 5

what is an isotonic solution?

Answer 5

when the solution outside the cell has the same water potential as inside the cell
- no net movement

Question 6

what is a hypotonic solutions?

Answer 6

solution outside the cell has higher water potential than inside the cell
-net movement of free water molecules into the cell

Question 7

what is a hypertonic solution?

Answer 7

when the water potential inside the cell is greater than the water potential than outside the cell
-net movement of free water molecules out of the cell

Question 8

cells in hypotonic solution

Answer 8

-animal cell- Lysed
-plant cell- turgid (normal)

Question 9

cells in isotonic solution

Answer 9

animal- normal
plant - flaccid

Question 10

cells in hypertonic solution

Answer 10

animal- shriveled
plant- plasmolyzed- plant will wilt because there will not be enough water to fill their cells so cytoplasm shrinks from cell wall