DNA and RNA Flashcards
1
Q
What does DNA do
A
- contains instructions for building all proteins within an organism
2
Q
what is DNA made up of
A
- building blocks called nucleotides
-these consist of a sugar, a phosphate and a nitrogenous base
3
Q
4 types of nitrogenous base
A
- Adenine
- Cytosine
- Guanine
- Thymine
4
Q
what are the base pairs of DNA
A
- A and T
- G and C
5
Q
Differences between DNA and RNA
A
- RNA nucleotides joined to form single strand, DNA double stranded
- RNA has sugar called ribose, DNA has deoxyribose
- RNA has the base Uracil, DNA has Thymine
6
Q
What is messenger RNA (mRNA)
A
- formed in nucleus of cell
- copies sequence of bases of a section of a DNA- called transcription
- Carries specific protein from nucleus to ribosomes in cytoplasm
7
Q
What is Transfer RNA (tRNA)
A
- found in cytoplasm
- picks up specific amino acids from cytoplasm and brings them to surface of ribosome so they can be joined together in a specific order to make a specific protein- Translation
