Liver/Kidney Flashcards
What is excretion
Removal of metabolic waste
What process happens at liver?
Deamination
What is deamination?
- When Nitrogen and Carbon bond in amino acid is broken down, creating urea and Carbohydrates
Function of Renal artery
Carries blood to kidney
Function of kidney
To produce urine
function of ureter
carries urine to bladder from kidney
function of urethra
carries urine from bladder outwards
What happens at glomerulus
Ultrafiltration
Describe process of ultrafiltration at glomerulus
- Blood enters through wide arteriole
- narrow arteriole blood has to leave through causes high pressure pushing molecules in blood towards porous border between glomerulus and bowman’s capsule
- small molecules are able to cross over into bowman’s capsule
- large molecules do not fit through pores and remain in blood
What molecules are able to cross over into bowman’s capsule?
- Urea
- Glucose
- amino acids
- minerals
- Water
What molecules cannot cross over into bowman’s capsule?
- Proteins
- Red blood cells
What happens at proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)?
- Selective reabsorption back into blood
- all of glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed into blood by active transport
- 80% of water reabsorbed by osmosis
What process happens in rest of nephron?
- Concentrating blood
How is water reabsorbed at loop of henle?
Porous regions of loop of henle allow water to pass through and leave via osmosis
How does Pituitary gland and ADH chance conc of urine?
- Pituitary gland releases ADH (anti diuretic hormone)
- ADH makes collecting ducts more porous
- meaning that more water reabsorbed into blood, and less water in urine (more ADH released when blood has lower water potential as it means it is dehydrated)
