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Repro > Repro Embryogenisis Of Pituitary Gland > Flashcards

Repro Embryogenisis Of Pituitary Gland Flashcards

1
Q

Importance of reproductive system embryogenesis

A

Limitation of reproductive performance - sterility

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2
Q

Process whereby a primitive group of un specialized cells develop into a functional, recognizable group of cells that have a common function

A

Differentiation

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3
Q

Cells form

A

Organs

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4
Q

3 types of embryonic germ layers

A

Endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

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5
Q

Digestive system, respiratory system, most glands

A

Endoderm

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6
Q

Muscle, blood vessels, urinary system, skeletal system, reproductive system

A

Mesoderm

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7
Q

Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, oral cavity, nasal cavity

A

ectoderm

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8
Q

Ectoderm nervous system

A

Hypothalamus, anterior and posterior pituitary

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9
Q

Ectoderm reproductive tract

A

Portions of vagina and vestibule, penis, clitoris

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10
Q

Neurohypophysis - neural tissue
Neural tissue of brain

A

Posterior lobe of pituitary gland

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11
Q

Adenohypophysis - glandular tissue - hormone secreting
Tissue in roof of embryonic mouth

A

Anterior love is pituitary gland

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12
Q

A sad or pouch diverting from a main tube, channel or cavity

A

Diverticulum

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13
Q

Posterior diverticulum

A

Infundibulum

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14
Q

Anterior diverticulum

A

Rathke’s pouch

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15
Q

Protective cavity around pituitary

A

Sella turcica

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16
Q

Develop in yolk sac inner lining
Ameboid movement
Still can’t determine sex

A

Primordial germ cells

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17
Q

Primordial germ cells functions

A

Colonize genital ridge
Stimulate connective tissue proliferation
Form compact strands of tissue
Cause femoral ridges to enlarge

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18
Q

Develop at same time and in close proximity to urogenital system

A

Reproductive and renal systems

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19
Q

3 types of renal system in embryo

A

Pronephros, mesonephros, metanephros

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20
Q

Non- function, remnant of lower animals

A

Pronephros

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21
Q

Functional, bilateral, produces urine, drain into ducts or urogenital sinus

A

Mesonephros

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22
Q

Final renal form - adult
Both male and female ducts present - still can’t determine sex

A

Metanephros

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23
Q

Pair of ducts beside mesonephric ducts

A

Paramesonephric ducts

24
Q

Sex determining region

A

Y (SRY) gene

25
Q

Acts on sex cords of primitive gonad
Simulate male reproductive system
Testis development

A

TDF

26
Q

Secret anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) and dihydrotestosterone

A

Sertoli cells

27
Q

Causes fetal leydig cells to differentiate and produce

A

Desert hedgehog gene (DHH)

28
Q

Secondary sex characteristics, penis, scrotum

A

Dihydrotestosterone

29
Q

Causes paramesonephric ducts to degenerate

A

Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) and testosterone

30
Q

Rete tubules —>

A

Rete testis

31
Q

Mesonephric tubules —>

A

Efferent ducts

32
Q

Mesonephric duct —>

A

Epididymis and ductus deferens

33
Q

Sex cords —>

A

Seminiferous tubules

34
Q

Testis descent — must get from level of ____ to _______

A

Ribs to scrotum

35
Q

Testis descent — must travel from _______ position in _____ _______ to _________

A

Retroperitoneal, body cavity, scrotum

36
Q

3 phases of testis descent

A

Growth and elongation of fetal body away from testis
Rapid growth of extra abdominal gubernaculum
Shrinkage of gubernaculum within scrotum

37
Q

Factor produced by testis that promotes growth of gubernaculum

A

Descendin

38
Q

2 layers of peritoneum cover testis and descend with it

A

Visceral vaginal tunic
Parietal vaginal tunic

39
Q

Layers of peritoneum are separated by

A

Vaginal cavity

40
Q

Incomplete closure of inguinal canal

A

Inguinal hernia

41
Q

Hidden testis - testis don’t descend

A

Cryptorchidism

42
Q

Results in sterility but still produce testosterone

A

Bilateral cryptorchidism

43
Q

Female differentiation

A

No TDF
No AMH
Sex cords
No tubular outlet for gametes

44
Q

Female differentiation: no TDF

A

Cells form primitive follicle cells (not Sertoli cells)

45
Q

Female differentiation: No AMH

A

Leydig cells can’t produce testosterone
No male development
Mesonephric duct and tubules regress
Paramesonephric ducts develop

46
Q

Fragment into cellular clusters
Each enclose primitive germ cell
Close to surface of ovary
Form primordial follicles and correct of ovary

A

Sex cords

47
Q

female differentiation: follicles

A

Follicle number reaches maximum before birth

48
Q

Paramesonephric duct —>

A

Oviduct and uterus

49
Q

Regression of sex cords —>

A

Primordial follicles of ovary

50
Q

Coelomic epithelium —>

A

Cortex of ovary

51
Q

Fused Paramesonephric ducts —>

A

Cervix, uterine body and anterior vagina

52
Q

Urogenital sinus —>

A

Posterior vagina and vestibule

53
Q

Genital fold —>

A

Broad ligament

54
Q

Chromosomal sex : XXY

A

Klinefelter’s syndrome

55
Q

Chromosomal sex : XO

A

Turner’s syndrome

56
Q

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

A

Hermaphrodite

57
Q

Testicular descent in horses can take up to ___ years after birth

A

Two

Repro (12 decks)

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