Repro Embryogenisis Of Pituitary Gland

Question 1

Importance of reproductive system embryogenesis

Answer 1

Limitation of reproductive performance - sterility

Question 2

Process whereby a primitive group of un specialized cells develop into a functional, recognizable group of cells that have a common function

Answer 2

Differentiation

Question 3

Cells form

Answer 3

Organs

Question 4

3 types of embryonic germ layers

Answer 4

Endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

Question 5

Digestive system, respiratory system, most glands

Answer 5

Endoderm

Question 6

Muscle, blood vessels, urinary system, skeletal system, reproductive system

Answer 6

Mesoderm

Question 7

Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, oral cavity, nasal cavity

Answer 7

ectoderm

Question 8

Ectoderm nervous system

Answer 8

Hypothalamus, anterior and posterior pituitary

Question 9

Ectoderm reproductive tract

Answer 9

Portions of vagina and vestibule, penis, clitoris

Question 10

Neurohypophysis - neural tissue
Neural tissue of brain

Answer 10

Posterior lobe of pituitary gland

Question 11

Adenohypophysis - glandular tissue - hormone secreting
Tissue in roof of embryonic mouth

Answer 11

Anterior love is pituitary gland

Question 12

A sad or pouch diverting from a main tube, channel or cavity

Answer 12

Diverticulum

Question 13

Posterior diverticulum

Answer 13

Infundibulum

Question 14

Anterior diverticulum

Answer 14

Rathke’s pouch

Question 15

Protective cavity around pituitary

Answer 15

Sella turcica

Question 16

Develop in yolk sac inner lining
Ameboid movement
Still can’t determine sex

Answer 16

Primordial germ cells

Question 17

Primordial germ cells functions

Answer 17

Colonize genital ridge
Stimulate connective tissue proliferation
Form compact strands of tissue
Cause femoral ridges to enlarge

Question 18

Develop at same time and in close proximity to urogenital system

Answer 18

Reproductive and renal systems

Question 19

3 types of renal system in embryo

Answer 19

Pronephros, mesonephros, metanephros

Question 20

Non- function, remnant of lower animals

Answer 20

Pronephros

Question 21

Functional, bilateral, produces urine, drain into ducts or urogenital sinus

Answer 21

Mesonephros

Question 22

Final renal form - adult
Both male and female ducts present - still can’t determine sex

Answer 22

Metanephros

Question 23

Pair of ducts beside mesonephric ducts

Answer 23

Paramesonephric ducts

Question 24

Sex determining region

Answer 24

Y (SRY) gene

Question 25

Acts on sex cords of primitive gonad Simulate male reproductive system Testis development

Answer 25

TDF

Question 26

Secret anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) and dihydrotestosterone

Answer 26

Sertoli cells

Question 27

Causes fetal leydig cells to differentiate and produce

Answer 27

Desert hedgehog gene (DHH)

Question 28

Secondary sex characteristics, penis, scrotum

Answer 28

Dihydrotestosterone

Question 29

Causes paramesonephric ducts to degenerate

Answer 29

Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) and testosterone

Question 30

Rete tubules —>

Answer 30

Rete testis

Question 31

Mesonephric tubules —>

Answer 31

Efferent ducts

Question 32

Mesonephric duct —>

Answer 32

Epididymis and ductus deferens

Question 33

Sex cords —>

Answer 33

Seminiferous tubules

Question 34

Testis descent — must get from level of ____ to _______

Answer 34

Ribs to scrotum

Question 35

Testis descent — must travel from _______ position in _____ _______ to _________

Answer 35

Retroperitoneal, body cavity, scrotum

Question 36

3 phases of testis descent

Answer 36

Growth and elongation of fetal body away from testis Rapid growth of extra abdominal gubernaculum Shrinkage of gubernaculum within scrotum

Question 37

Factor produced by testis that promotes growth of gubernaculum

Answer 37

Descendin

Question 38

2 layers of peritoneum cover testis and descend with it

Answer 38

Visceral vaginal tunic Parietal vaginal tunic

Question 39

Layers of peritoneum are separated by

Answer 39

Vaginal cavity

Question 40

Incomplete closure of inguinal canal

Answer 40

Inguinal hernia

Question 41

Hidden testis - testis don’t descend

Answer 41

Cryptorchidism

Question 42

Results in sterility but still produce testosterone

Answer 42

Bilateral cryptorchidism

Question 43

Female differentiation

Answer 43

No TDF No AMH Sex cords No tubular outlet for gametes

Question 44

Female differentiation: no TDF

Answer 44

Cells form primitive follicle cells (not Sertoli cells)

Question 45

Female differentiation: No AMH

Answer 45

Leydig cells can’t produce testosterone No male development Mesonephric duct and tubules regress Paramesonephric ducts develop

Question 46

Fragment into cellular clusters Each enclose primitive germ cell Close to surface of ovary Form primordial follicles and correct of ovary

Answer 46

Sex cords

Question 47

female differentiation: follicles

Answer 47

Follicle number reaches maximum before birth

Question 48

Paramesonephric duct —>

Answer 48

Oviduct and uterus

Question 49

Regression of sex cords —>

Answer 49

Primordial follicles of ovary

Question 50

Coelomic epithelium —>

Answer 50

Cortex of ovary

Question 51

Fused Paramesonephric ducts —>

Answer 51

Cervix, uterine body and anterior vagina

Question 52

Urogenital sinus —>

Answer 52

Posterior vagina and vestibule

Question 53

Genital fold —>

Answer 53

Broad ligament

Question 54

Chromosomal sex : XXY

Answer 54

Klinefelter’s syndrome

Question 55

Chromosomal sex : XO

Answer 55

Turner’s syndrome

Question 56

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Answer 56

Hermaphrodite

Question 57

Testicular descent in horses can take up to ___ years after birth

Answer 57

Two