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Repro Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Eclampsia

A

Lactation - induced hypocalcomia

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2
Q

Eclampsia common in…

A

Seen in heavily lactating females ▪ 2-3 weeks after whelping
▪ Hypocalcemia

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3
Q

Eclampsia clinical signs

A

▪ Nervousness
▪ Salivation
▪ Stiff gait, ataxia
▪ Seizures/tremors

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4
Q

Eclampsia tx

A

▪ 10% - 20% calcium gluconate, slow IV
▪ Monitor heart rate and ECG – stop if bradycardia or arrythmias occur
▪ Oral calcium may work if caught early

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5
Q

Eclampsia prevention

A

good pre/post-natal nutrition and calcium supplementation

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6
Q

Pyometra

A

Pus-filled uterus
Usually after estrus cycle

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7
Q

Pyometra develops w/in

A

60 days of last estrous cycle

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8
Q

Pyo clinical signs

A

▪ Vulvar discharge
▪ Abdominal enlargement
▪ Vomiting, lethargy
▪ PU/PD, dehydration

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9
Q

Pyo dx

A

▪ Radiographs
▪ Ultrasound
▪ CBC/chem: leukocytosis, neutrophilia, ↑ ALP, TP, BUN

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10
Q

Pyo tx

A

▪ OHE
▪ Antibiotics
▪ If unwilling to spay: medical management w/
prostaglandin F2α (open pyo only)

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11
Q

Dystocia

A

Issues w/ parturition —-Fetal position, fetal size, uterine inertia

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12
Q

Duystocia clinical signs

A

▪ Bitch/queen longer than 4 hours between producing a fetus
▪ Green vaginal discharge during parturition
▪ >1 hr active labor

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13
Q

Dystocia dx

A

▪ PE w/ digital vaginal palpation
▪ Radiographs: fetus position, size, and number
▪ Ultrasonography: fetal viability and stress

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14
Q

Dystocia tx

A

▪ Manual manipulation
▪ Drug therapy: oxytocin
▪ Cesarean section +/- OHE
Fetal resuscitation

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15
Q

Priapism

A

Excessive parasympathetic stimulation or possible impairment of venous drainage from the penis (prolonged erection)

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16
Q

Paraphimosis

A

Inability of the dog to retract the penis
into the preputial sheath

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17
Q

Paraphimosis leads to

A

self mutilation, constriction/strangulation by hair or foreign object, fracture of the os penis, trauma

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18
Q

Priapism and Paraphimosis dx

A

Clinical signs
PE

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19
Q

Priapism and Paraphimosis tx

A

▪ Sedation and removal of any causative agents
▪ Immersion of tissue into a cold hypertonic glucose solution 🡪 reduce swelling
▪ Clean penis, place purse-string suture

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20
Q

Testicular tumors common in

A

Cryptorchid dogs and w/ inguinal hernias

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21
Q

Testicular tumors

A

common in testicles retained w/in the inguinal canal as those w/in the abdomen

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22
Q

Testicular tumor clinical signs

A

▪ Older, intact male dogs
▪ Nonpainful testicular enlargement
▪ +/- enlarged lymph nodes

23
Q

Testicular dx

A

Clinical signs

24
Q

Testicular tumor tx

A

▪ Castration
▪ +/- chemo and/or radiation

25
Q

Testicular tumor preventions

A

Castration – especially in cryptorchid animals

26
Q

Mammary Gland Tumors caused by

A

unspayed female dogs
▪ Hormone dependent

27
Q

Mammary Gland Tumors malignancy in cat %

28
Q

Mammary Gland Tumors dog malignancy

29
Q

Mammary Gland Tumor clinical signs

A

▪ Firm nodule(s) palpable in the
mammary chain
▪ Regional lymph nodes may be enlarged

30
Q

Mammary Gland Tumors dx

A

PE
CBC/ CHEM
RADS THORACOC PRESURHUCAM

31
Q

Mammary Gland Tumors tx

A

Sx +|- chemo

32
Q

Mammary Gland Tumorsrisks

A

▪ 0.5% - spayed before 1st estrus
▪ 8% - spayed after 1 estrous cycle
▪ 26% - spayed after 2 or more estrous cycles

33
Q

Gingivitis

A

a reversible process that involves inflammation of the margins of the gums

34
Q

Gingivitis caused by

A

accumulation of tartar on the teeth 🡪 nidus for bacterial multiplication

35
Q

Periodontitis

A

an irreversible condition that results in loss of gingival epithelial root attachment and alveolar bone resorption

36
Q

Periodontal disease

A

a collective term for plaque induced inflammation of gums

37
Q

Gingivitis/Periodontal Disease signs

A

􏰀 Halitosis
􏰀 Pawing at the mouth, head shyness
􏰀 Oral pain
􏰀 Facial swelling
􏰀 Tooth loss

38
Q

Gingivitis/Periodonta dx

A

􏰀 Complete oral exam +/- anesthesia
􏰀 Presence of tartar on teeth, inflammation
􏰀 Increased gingival sulcus depth (pocketing)

39
Q

Gingivitis/Periodonta tx

A

􏰀 Dental scaling +/- extractions
􏰀 Root planning, gingival curettage
􏰀 Antibiotics

40
Q

Mucocele

A

an accumulation of saliva in the SQ tissue

41
Q

Salivary Mucocele signs

A

􏰀 Slowly enlarging, painless, fluid-filled swelling
on the neck or under the tongue
􏰀 Difficulty swallowing/breathing
􏰀 Reluctance to eat
􏰀 Blood-tinged saliva

42
Q

Salivary Mucocele dx

A

Aspiration of suspected mucocele 🡪 stringy blood-tinged fluid w/ a low cell count

43
Q

Salivary Mucocele tx

A

􏰀 Aspiration of fluid, surgical drainage
􏰀 Removal of the gland

44
Q

Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Bowel bc of

A

accumulation of inflammatory cells w/in the lining of the small intestine, stomach, or large bowel

45
Q

Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Bowel

A

disruption of the immunologic tolerance to the normal bacterial flora of the SI or to dietary substances~>inflammatory response w/ cellular infiltration

46
Q

Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Bowel signs

A

􏰀 Chronic vomiting, diarrhea
􏰀 Weight loss
􏰀 Straining to defecate, mucus in stool

47
Q

Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Bowel dx

A

V/D
􏰀 CBC, chem, UA, fecal w/ culture, FeLV/FIV testing,
􏰀 Endoscopy of stomach, small intestine, and colon w/ biopsies

48
Q

Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Bowel tx

A

􏰀 Drug therapy: steroids,
􏰀 Hypoallergenic diet

49
Q

Inflammatory Bowel dz

A

antigenic stimulation in the
intestinal lumen 🡪 excessive infiltration w/ lymphocytes and plasma cells 🡪 damage to mucosa 🡪 abnormal intestinal absorption

50
Q

Inflammatory Bowel signs

A

􏰀 Usually nonspecific
􏰀 Chronic, intermittent V +/- D
􏰀 Listlessness, weight loss
􏰀 PU/PD
􏰀 Borborygmus
􏰀 Halitosis

51
Q

Inflammatory Bowel dx

A

􏰀 Unremarkable PE
􏰀 Labs: CBC/Chem, fecal (r/o intestinal parasites), intestinal biopsy

52
Q

Inflammatory Bowel medical tx

A

􏰀 Oral steroids
􏰀 Antibiotics
􏰀 Intestinal protectants
􏰀 Vitamin therapy to replace fat-soluble vitamins

53
Q

Inflammatory Bowel tx dietary

A

􏰀 Low carb, low fat
􏰀 Good-quality protein

Clin Path (16 decks)

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