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Clin Path > Lizards > Flashcards

Lizards Flashcards

1
Q

Order and Class

A

Squamata: order Reptilia: class

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2
Q

Categories

A

• Origin
• Habitat
• Size
• Temperature
• Nutrition (Omnivores/Herbivores/Carnivores) • Reproduction
• Handling concerns

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3
Q

Integumentary

A

Overlapping scales —impermeable
Ecdysis
- influenced by age, growth, raw, temp, humidity,nutrition

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4
Q

Causes of Dysecdysis

A

Low humidity
• Poor nutrition
• Health abnormalities

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5
Q

Chromatophores includes what species

A

Chameleons and Anoles

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6
Q

Chromatophores color change

A

• Light
• Heat
• Social factors

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7
Q

Gecko autonomy

A

• Defense response to predator
•Tail or entire skin shed leads to
• Scars
• Secondary bacterial or fungal infections
• Regenerate

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8
Q

Chameleons toes

A

Dactyl (5 toes are fused into a group of 2 or 3)

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9
Q

Basilisks toes

A

Fringed
• Large hind feet
• Walk on water and shifting sand

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10
Q

Gecko toes

A

Sticky Setae
• Bristle-like structures • Adhere to surfaces

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11
Q

Claws have

A

Blood vessels and nerves

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12
Q

Ancrodont

A

Bearded Dragons & Chameleons) • Not replaced when lost

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13
Q

Pleurodont

A

Iguanas & Monitors) • Replaced throughout life

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14
Q

Quadruped

A

Walk on four legs -most common
Skull
Vertebral column
Ribs
Pelvic and pectoral girdles

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15
Q

Apodal

A

California legless lizard
No feet

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16
Q

Bipedal

A

• Hindlimb power
• Frilled Dragons, Basilisks

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17
Q

Heart

A

3 chamber
2atrium ,1 ventricle

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18
Q

Vessels

A

• Ventral Abdominal Vein
• Hepatic Vein
• Caudal Vein

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19
Q

Caudal vein location and purpose

A

• Blood collection
• Ventral midline

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20
Q

Respiratory parts

A

• External nares
• Internal nares
• Glottis
• Trachea
Lungs
No diaphragm

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21
Q

Lungs

A

• Cranial (more vascular/respiratory function)
• Caudal (sac-like/extend to pelvis)

22
Q

Instead of a diaphragm

A

Intercostal muscles

23
Q

Oral cavity purpose

A

• Lubrication of food for swallowing • Poisonous

24
Q

Tongue purpose

A

• Sensory
• Prehension
• Swallowing

25
Q

Cloaca

A

Digestive & genitourinary tracts

26
Q

Pleuroperitoneum

A

Celom
Pleuro- lungs
All together

27
Q

Renal portal system

A

Allows blood to flow directly from the caudal portion of body to kidneys prior to returning to the heart

28
Q

Female reproductive system

A

• Oviducts (no uterus)
• Ovoviviparous (eggs hatched within the body) • Viviparous (Live young)

29
Q

Male reproductive system

A

Paired hemipenes

30
Q

Gendering

A

Size, color, anatomy, probing

31
Q

Eyes

A

Movable eyelids & nictitating membrane
Spectacle
Parietal eye

32
Q

Parietal eye

A

third eye/Photoreceptor for hormonal production & thermoregulation

33
Q

Ears

A

Tympanic membrane (clear or covered with scales)

34
Q

Vomeronasal organ (Jacobson’s organ)

A

Dorsal oral cavity (Tongue/Tract prey, mates, enemies, pheromones)

35
Q

Most problems are due to

A

Improper husbandry

36
Q

Amino

A

Nephron toxic

37
Q

Husbandry factors

A

Native habitat
Anatomy &Physiology
Diet
Behavior
Lighting for vitamin D /Ca+

38
Q

Causes of most disorders

A

require correction of improper
husbandry and supportive care

39
Q

POTZ

A

preferred optimal temperature zone

40
Q

Common disorders

A

Require meds
Proper humidity
Caloric intake

41
Q

Common integumentary disorders

A

• Rostral abrasions
• Bite wounds from cage mates
• Thermal burns
• Skin autonomy
• Bacterial or fungal infections
• Dysecdysis (clinical sign/ can cause necrosis) • Non-autonomy tail amputation
• Ticks and mites

42
Q

Skeletal disorders

A

• Metabolic bone disease (MBD)

43
Q

• Metabolic bone disease (MBD)

A

• Ca+ deficiency (bone resorption of bone)
• Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) deficiency
• Excess Phosphorous (hyperparathyroidism depleting Ca stores in bone)

44
Q

Common respiratory disorder

A

• Pneumonia
• Bacterial, fungal, parasitic
• Signs: dyspnea, neck extension, crackles, mucoid secretions • ABX treatment, emergency, prolonged treatment

45
Q

Common urine disorder

A

Renal failure
Pyelonephritis or neoplasia

46
Q

Renal failure

A

• Secondary to improper nutrition • Aminoglycoside toxicity

47
Q

Digestive disorders

A

• Anorexia is the #1 common complaint for digestive disorders • Infectious stomatitis
• Obstruction or impaction
• Intestinal parasites
• Cloacal prolapse (

48
Q

Cloaca prolapse may be

A

Digestive
Reproductive
Urinary

49
Q

Neurological disorder

A

• Hypocalcemia: tremors, muscle fasciculations
• Trauma

50
Q

Reproduction disorders

A

• Dystocia (pre or post-ovulation/follicles) • Cloacal prolapse of oviducts
• Ectopic eggs or neoplasia
• Paraphimosis

51
Q

Ophthalmic

A

• Periocular inflammatory disease/bacterial
• Hypovitaminosis A
• Spectacle abscesses or retained
• Trauma or FB

Clin Path (16 decks)

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