Renal Review Flashcards by Lauren Bretz

How does ADH change with dehydration?

levels increase

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Vomiting
diarrhea
low fractional Na
Low Urine sodium

Prerenal Azotemia

activation of RAAS pathway

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Muscle breakdown
Positive blood reading on dipstick
no RBCs on UA

Rhabdomyolysis causing myoglobinuria

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hypotension
muddy brown casts
epithelial cells
elevated urine sodium

Acute tubular necrosis

Can happen after some meds

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Post cardiac cath
livedo reticularis
eosinophils on UA

Atheroembolic disease

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

PCN or NSAID use
urine or serum eosinophils
WBC casts

Allergic Interstitial Nephritis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hemoptysis
recurrent sinus infections
chronic nephritis

GPA

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What antibody is elevated in GPA?

Anti-proteinase 3 (c-ANCA)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What antibody is elevated in Goodpastures?

Anti-glomerular basement membrane -> type II hypersensitivity rxn

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What antibody is elevated in Churg Strauss?

Anti-myeloperoxidase

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the mechanism of Henoch-Shconlein purpora?

IgA immune complexes in small vessels

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

post pharyngitis
AKI
RBC casts
low C3
normal C4

post infectious glomerular nephritis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pulmonary sx
AKI
RBC casts
normal C3 and C4

Goodpastures

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pulmonary sx
sinus sx/nasal polyps
AKI
RBC casts

PGA

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

preteen
arthralgia
generalized abdominal pain
bruise-like rash over legs (palpable)
recent URI
RBCs on UA

Henoch-Shonlein purpura

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Recurrent blood in urine after URI?

IgA Nephropathy

Usually presents in 20-30s

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Boy
hearing loss
ocular findings
hematuria

Alports

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mechanism of Alports

mutation of type IV collagen

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Older patient
smoker
hematuria

bladder cancer until proven otherwise

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hematuria
flank pain
high hematocrit/Ca
left sided varicocele
fever

renal cell carcinoma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Flank pain
can’t sit still
hematuria

Nephrolithiasis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nephrotic syndrome

young person

Minimal change disease

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mechanism of minimal change disease

fusion of foot processes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nephrotic syndrome

solid tumor or Hep B

Membranous nephropathy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nephrotic syndrome nephritis Hep C

Membranoproliferative GN

Nephrotic syndrome | HIV untreated

Focal collapsing segmental glomerulosclerosis

Nephrotic syndrome flank pain hematuria

renal vein thrombosis

Mutataion in Wilms tumor

deletion of 11p

Complication of molar pregnancy?

choriocarcinoma

pregnancy complication uterus big for date crazy high B-HCG levels

molar pregnancy

Abdominal mass in sick child

Neuroblastoma

Mechanism of trastuzimab

antibody against her 2 neu receptor

Mechanism of tamoxifen

blocks estrogen receptor

nontender mobile breast mass

fibroadenoma

swollen testicle | high alpha-fetoprotein and B-HCG

Nonseminoma

swollen testicle low alpha fetoprotein high B-HCG

seminoma

Tumor marker of ovarian cancer

CA-125

frequent need to go | incomplete voiding

Urge incontinence

Loss of continence with cough/sneeze

stress incontinence

continuious leakage, neuro dysfunction

Overflow incontinence

Incontinence in older person with dementia/debilitated

functional incontinence

Mechanism of urge incontinence

detrusor muscle hyperreactivity

mid life woman sexually active no cervical tenderness erythematous vaginal mucosa with white discharge

candida vaginitis

genital ulcer | painless, indurated, clean based

Syphilis

causative organism of syphilis

treponema pallidum

genital ulcer Deep undermined, purulent tender adenopathy

chancroid

causative organism of chancroid

H. ducreyi

multiple shallow genital ulcers

genital herpes

causative agent of genital herpes

HSV2

proctitis followed by tender draining inguinal LN and anorectal ulcers

Lymphogranuloma venereum

Causative agent of lymphogranuloma venereum

C. trachomatis

Symptoms of primary syphilis

Painless ulcer

Symptoms of secondary syphilis

Rash (esp on palms and soles) fever LAN

Symptoms of tertiary syphilis

Tabes dorsalis Argyll Robertson pupil aortitis gummas

Fever and hypotension after treatment of syphilis with penecillin

Jarisch-Herxheimer reacion

Clue cell (studding along epithelial edge)

bacterial vaginosis

alcoholic with oxalate crystals in blood

Ethylene glycol poisioning

staghorn calculus

Proteus infection

multiple kidney cysts

ADPKD or ARPKD

AKI after treatment for: lymphoma ALL

Tumor lysis syndrome

Drugs that cause ATN

aminoglycosides | vancomycin

Drugs that cause AIN

penicillins | NSAIDS

Drugs that cause hemmorhagic cystitis

cyclophosphamide

Acute urinary obstruction in patient that has been taking OTCs for URI

blockade of histamine causes contraction of urinary sphincters

Two treatments for BPH and their actions

Finaseride: 5-apha reductase inhibitor Tamulosin: alpha blocker