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Integrative > Neuro Review > Flashcards

Neuro Review Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment for migranes

A

Sumatriptan

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2
Q

Treatment for cluster headaches

A

O2 supplementation

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3
Q

Bacteria associated with Gullain Barre

A

Campy

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4
Q

Mechanism for Myasthenia gravis

A

antibodies against acetylcholine receptor

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5
Q

young woman optic neuritis

A

Multiple sclerosis

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6
Q

Mechanism for multiple sclerosis

A

T cell mediated injury to myelin

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7
Q

Polymyositis

A

immune mediated inflammaion of muslce (attacks vessels in endomysium)

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8
Q

Muscle fasiculations

A

ALS

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9
Q

Nerve responsible for foot drop

A

Peroneal nerve

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10
Q

lightning intense facial pain

A

trigeminal neuralgia

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11
Q

Concern of herpes zoster on someone’s nose

A

will also effect their cilliary bodies -> can cause blindness

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12
Q

Rapidy progressive dementia with myoclonic jerks

A

CJD

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13
Q

younger male
generalized chorea
depression

A

Huntington’s

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14
Q

Wide based gait
Urinary incontinence
Demenia

A

Normal pressure hydrocephalus

wet, wobbly, wacky

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15
Q

Drug that can cause parkinson’s

A

metoclopramide
neuroleptics
lithium
Ca channel blocker

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16
Q

Teen
involuntary movements
worse after sleep deprivation

A

Juvenile myoclonic seizures

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17
Q

Men
Unilateral headaches behind right eye
lacrimal leakage

A

Cluster headache

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18
Q 
Unilateral headache
throbbing
aura
N/V
photophobia
A

migranes

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19
Q

Bilateral headache
band like
worse as day goes on

A

Tension headache

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20
Q

Overweight young woman

bilateral papilledema

A

Idiopathic intracranial HTN (pseudotumor cerebri)

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21
Q

Tx for idiopathic intracranial HTN

A

Lumbar puncture

Acetozolamide

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22
Q

Chronic daily headaches

Daily analgesic use

A

Rebound headaches

from medication overuse

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23
Q

Unilateral face, arm, weakness
Sensory loss
Eyes deviated to opposite dise

A

Contralateral MCA

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24
Q

Defect in LMCA block

A

aphasia (because most people are left brain dominant)

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25
Q

Defect in RMCA block

A

visual or spatial function

No stereogenesis

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26
Q 
Contralateral foot and leg weakness
behavioral change
confusion
impairment of gait and stance
akinetic mutism
urinary incontinence
A

ACA lesion

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27
Q 
Vomiting 
vertigo
ataxia
dyarthria
CN palsies
diploplia
hemiparesis
A

Posterior circulation lesion

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28
Q

Unilateral facial paralysis

Cannot raise eyebrow, shut eye, or smile with one side of face

A

Bell’s palsy

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29
Q

location of lesion to CN 3 and 4

A

Midbrain

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30
Q

location of lesion to CN 5, 6, 7, 8

A

Pons

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31
Q

location of lesion to CN , 10, 11, 12

A

Medulla

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32
Q

Headache

One pupil not reactive to light

A

Post. communicating artery aneurysm

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33
Q

Rapid onset of symptoms after lucid interval

temporal skull fracture

A

Epidural hematoma of middle meningeal artery

34
Q

Slow onset headache

Elderly with falls, alcoholics

A

Subdural hematoma

35
Q

PCKD
headache
blood in CSF

A

subarachnoid hemorrage

36
Q

History of diarrheal illness
peripheral weakness
respiratory acidosis

A

Guillain-Barre syndrome

37
Q

Proximal weakness
improves with activity
Associated with lung cancer

A

Lambert Eaton

38
Q

Mechanism of Lambert Eaton

A

Antibodies against voltage-gated P/Q calcium channel

39
Q

Left humerus fracture effects which nerve?

A

Radial

40
Q

pain in legs while walking

better with walking uphill or leaning forward

A

Spinal stenosis

41
Q

bilateral nystagmus
inability to move eyes to the left bilaterally
ataxia

A

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency

42
Q

Area of the brain affected in Koraskoff’s psychosis?

A

mammillary bodies

43
Q

Huntington’s effect on brain

A

gliosis of caudate nucleus

44
Q

Chromosome effected by Huntington’s

A

Trinucleotide repeat on chromosome 4

45
Q

Mechanism of Huntington’s

A

Dec levels of GABA (causes anxiety) and Ach (causes chorea) in the brain. Neuronal death -> caudate nuclei atrohpy

46
Q

Causes of encephalitis

A

viruses: enteroviruses, West Nile, and herpes

Listeria in babies and elderly

47
Q

HIV low CD4
Visual sx
gait ataxia
non-enhancing white matter lesions

A

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalitis (from JC virus)

48
Q

HIV, low CD4
Headache
multiple ring enhancing lesions

A

Toxoplasmosis

49
Q 
Encephalitis 
fever
muscle weakness
flaccid paralysis
Parkinsonian (tremors)
A

West Nile

50
Q 
Cranial nerve palsy
posterior column signs
general paresis
dementia
pupil accommodates, but doesn't react
A

neurosyphilis

51
Q

AE of Valproic acid

A

Acute hepatic failure
pancreatitis
teratogen

52
Q

AE of Felbamate (used for intractable seizures)

A

Aplastic anemia

hepatic failure

53
Q

AE of phenytoin

A

Ataxia
hepatic dysfunction
gingival hyperplasia

54
Q

AE of Carbamazepine

A

hyponatremia, hepatic dysfunction

55
Q

Which antiepileptics can cause SJS?

A

Ethosuxamide
phenytoin
lamotrigine
carbamazepine

56
Q

AE of topiramate

A

Kidney stones
weight loss
glaucoma
metabolic acidosis

57
Q

AE of levetiracetam

A

Irritability

Depression

58
Q 
Diplopia
dysphonia
dysarthria
dysphagia
descending flaccid paralysis
History of honey/home canned veggies
A

Botulism

59
Q 
Sprained ankles
Distal calf atrophy
hammer toes
sensory loss
 palpable peripheral nerves
A

Charcot-Marie-Tooth

-Hereditary Motor sensory neuropathy

60
Q

Myasthenia Gravis

anterior mediastinal mass

A

thymoma

61
Q

Slow growing midline brain tumor

Seizure or focal neuro signs

A

Meningioma

62
Q 
Port wine stain in V1
seizures
MR
hemiparesis
glaucoma
A

Sturge Weber: anomaly of neural crest derivatives affecting small blood vessels.

63
Q 
Hamartomas in skin and CNS
adenoma sebaceum
Ash leaf spot
Mitral regurgitation and Mental retardation
AD
A

Tuberous sclerosis

64
Q

Cavernous hemangiomas in skin
bilateral renal cell cancer
hemangiobalstoma in retina, brainstem, cerebellum

A

von Hippel-Lindau diseaese

65
Q

“curtain drawn over eye”
sudden onset
peripheral vision first effected

A

Retinal detachment

66
Q 
Acute vision loss
PAIN
HA
red eye
 mid-dilated fixed pupil
A

acute angel closure glaucoma

67
Q

Abrupt onset painless vision loss
hemorrhages
cotton woll spots

A

central retinal vein occlusion

68
Q

sudden onset of painless vision loss

Pale fundus and cherry red spot near fovea

A

central retinal artery occlusion

69
Q

Sudden onset of vertigo triggered by certain positions

A

BPPV

70
Q

Tinnitus, hearing loss vertigo

A

Meniere’s disease

71
Q

Unilateral hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus

A

acoustic neuroma

Bilateral in NF-2

72
Q

What does eye direction tell you about the location of a lesion?

A

eyes look toward hemispheral lesion

eyes look away from brainstem lesion

73
Q

Bilateral fixed and dilated pupils

A

severe midbrain damage

74
Q

Pinpoint pupils

A

narcotic or barbituate overdose

pontine hemorrhage

75
Q

eyes look down and inward

A

thalamic or midbrain hemorrage

76
Q

Doll’s eye reflex

A

from reduced cortical influence on brain stem. Usually suppressed when you’re awake

77
Q

Shallow, slow regular breathing

A

metabolic or drugs effecting respiration

78
Q

Cheyne-Stokes breathing

A

brief apnea: bihemispheral damage or metabolic supression

79
Q

Kassmaul breathing

A

deep, usually caused by matabolic acidosis

80
Q

Drug to reverse opioid toxicity

A

naltrexone

Integrative (15 decks)

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