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Integrative > Heme Review > Flashcards

Heme Review Flashcards

1
Q

Normocytic anemias

A

Anemia of chronic disease

thallassemias

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2
Q

What diseases can cause anemia of chronic disease?

A 
Rheumatoid conditions
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Cancer
Chronic infections
Chronic liver disease
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3
Q

Best lab finding for iron deficiency

A

iron to TIBC ratio of less than 10%

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4
Q

Causes of cold hemolytic anemia

A

Post mono or post mycoplasmal infection

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5
Q

Difference in immunoglobulins between warm and cold hemolytic anemias

A

IgG- warm

IgM- cold

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6
Q

Disease where sulfa drugs causes hemolytic anemia

A

G6PD deficiency

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7
Q

difference in symptoms between B12 and folate deficiencies

A

B12- neurologic findins

Folate- no neurologic findings

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8
Q

Mechanism of thallassemias

A

reduction in synthesis of globin genes

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9
Q

Best lab test of B12 deficiency

A

elevated methylmalonic acid and homocysteine

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10
Q

High iron:TIBC
Low MCV
Target cells

A

Thallassemia

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11
Q

Mechanism of anemia of chronic disease

A

Sequestration of iron in the reticuloendothelial system

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12
Q

Antibody produced in pernicious anemia

A

Anti-intrinsic factor

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13
Q

Mild anemia
High MCHC
splenomegaly
family history

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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14
Q

Sickle cell patient

profound anemial

A

hyperhemolytic crisis

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15
Q

What infection causes sickle cell patients to have aplastic anemia

A

parvovirus B19

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16
Q

Three sickle cell complications

A

Acute chest syndrome
Salmonella ostetomyolitis
avascular necrosis of femoral head

17
Q

What vaccines should be given to a patient after a splenectomy

A

Encapsulated bacteria:
pneumoccocal
meningitis
Hib

18
Q 
ruddy skin
itching
cyanosis of finger tips
splenomegaly
high platelets
A

Polycythemia vera

19
Q

Mutation present in polycythemia vera

A

JAK2

20
Q

Complication of heparin induced thrombocytopenia

A

PE and DVT-> makes patient hypercoagulable

21
Q

AE after being on heparin for several days

A

heparin induced thrombocytopenia

22
Q

Mechanism of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemaglobinuria

A

Loss of GPI linked proteins on the cell surface (CD55, 59)

23
Q

History of bleeding
Elevated PTT
Increased bleeding time

A

von Willebrand’s disease

24
Q

Recent URI
petechiae on legs, arma, and trunk
profound thrombocytopenia
Normal WBC and HCT

A

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpora

25
Q

Mechanism of Bernard-Soulier

A

platelets can’t clump

26
Q

Mechanism of Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpora

A

Autoantibodies against platelets

27
Q 
bruises on upper and lower extremities
palatal petechiae
fever
low HCT
elevated LDH
thrombocytopenia
schistocytes on blood smear
A

TTP

28
Q 
Vertebral compression fracture
high calcium
kindey failure
anemic
high protein/albumin
 narrow anion gap
A

multiple myeloma

29
Q

defect in TTP

A

ADAM TS-13

30
Q

Older pt
massive lymphadenopathy
palpable spleen
WBC 30k with lymph

A

CLL

31
Q 
High WBC (all cell lines)
mild illness
A

CML

32
Q

What is the mutation of CML

A

9:22 translocation of BCR-ABL proteins

33
Q

Treatment for CML

A

imantinib

34
Q

What is the mutation in acute promyelocytic leukemia

A

15:17, retinoic acid receptor

35
Q

Treatment for APL

A

ATRA: all-trans-retinoic-acid

36
Q

Why is calcium high in Multiple Myeloma

A

Osteoclase Activating factors

37
Q

Bone biopsy finding in ITP

A

megakaryocytes on bone marrow biopsy

38
Q

child
bloody diarrhea followed by AKI
thrombocytopenia
anemia

A

HUS

39
Q

Pentad of TTP

A 
Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia 
Thrombocytopenia
Decreased renal function
Disturbed NEUROLOGICAL function:
Fever

Integrative (15 decks)

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