Renal - PowerPoint/3

Question 1

kidney stone formation - growth into a stone via

2

Answer 1

crystallization or aggregation

Question 2

an interference with the flow of urine at any site along the urinary tract

Answer 2

UTO

Question 3

kidney stone tx

3

Answer 3

1. high fluid intake
2. decreasing dietary intake of stone forming substance
3. stone removal

Question 4

UTO severity is based on

5

Answer 4

1. location
2. completeness
3. involvement of ureters/kidneys
4. duration
5. cause

Question 5

obstructive uropathy is to

Answer 5

UTO

Question 6

kidney stones are classified according to

Answer 6

the minerals that make up the stone

Question 7

UTO is

Answer 7

an interference with the flow of urine at any site along the urinary tract

Question 8

UTO stands for

Answer 8

urinary tract obstruction

Question 9

enlargement of the renal pelvic and calyces

Answer 9

hydronephrosis

Question 10

hydroureter

Answer 10

accumulation of urine in the ureter

Question 11

UTO compensatory hypertrophy and hyperfunction from

2

Answer 11

1. obligatory growth

2. compensatory growth

Question 12

upper UTO locations

3

Answer 12

1. hydroureter
2. hydronephrosis
3. ureterohydronephrosis

Question 13

kidney stone formation - presence of a salt in a higher concentration than the volume able to dissolve the salt

Answer 13

supersaturation of one or more salts

Question 14

kidney stone risk factors

8

Answer 14

1. gender
2. race
3. age
4. geographic location
5. seasonal
6. fluid intake
7. diet
8. occupation

Question 15

UTO - the obstruction can be caused by what two defects

Answer 15

1. anatomic

2. functional

Question 16

kidney stone formation - the small seed (randall’s plaque) acts as a binding site onto which more stone crystal structures can begin to develop, in a process called

Answer 16

nucleation

Question 17

kidney stones aka

2

Answer 17

1. calculi

2. urinary stones

Question 18

kidney stone evaluation

2

Answer 18

1. imaging

2. 25 hour urinalysis

Question 19

kidney stone formation - crystals continue to “aggregate” and the stone grows as dissolved minerals do what

Answer 19

precipitate out of solution, forming a larger and large stone

Question 20

other factors affecting stone formation

3

Answer 20

1. crystal growth-inhibition substances
2. particle retention
3. matrix

Question 21

accumulation of urine in the ureter

Answer 21

hydroureter

Question 22

kidney stone can be made from

4

Answer 22

1. calcium oxalate
2. calcium phosphate
3. struvite stones
4. uric acid stones

Question 23

ureterohydronephrosis

Answer 23

dilation of both the ureter and the pelvicaliceal system

Question 24

kidney stones manifestation location

Answer 24

renal colic

Question 25

dilation of both the ureter and the pelvicaliceal system

Answer 25

ureterohydronephrosis

Question 26

kidney stone - a small area of kidney tissue becomes injured, which leads to the formation of

Answer 26

a calcification called a Randall’s Plaque

Question 27

kidney stone formation from temp and pH changes

Answer 27

precipitation of a salt from liquid to solid state

Question 28

hydronephrosis

Answer 28

enlargement of the renal pelvic and calyces

Question 29

kidney stone formation - precipitation of a salt from liquid to solid state is affected by
2

Answer 29

temp

pH

Question 30

kidney stones

Answer 30

masses of crystals, protein, and other substances that form within and may obstruct the urinary tract

Question 31

kidney stone formation - supersaturation of one or more salts

Answer 31

presence of a salt in a higher concentration than the volume able to dissolve the salt

Question 32

UTO postobstructive diuresis

Answer 32

nephrogenic diabetes insipidus