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Pathophysiology - Final Exam > GI - PowerPoint/2 > Flashcards

GI - PowerPoint/2 Flashcards

1
Q

h. pylori is what type of bacteria

A

curved gram negative rob

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2
Q

peptic ulcer disease is damage to the

A

mucosal barrier

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3
Q

rapid gastric emptying can cause

A

peptic ulcer

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4
Q

excessive glucocorticoid secretion or medication

A

peptic ulcer - damage to mucosal barrier

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5
Q

conditions that increase abdominal pressure can contribute to

A

development of reflux esophagitis

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6
Q

conditions that delay gastric emptying can contribute to

A

the development of relfux esophagitis

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7
Q

peptic ulcer - may result later because of the formation of scar tissue

A

obstruction

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8
Q

peptic ulcer dx tests

3

A
  1. fiberoptic endoscopy
  2. barium x ray
  3. endoscopic biopsy
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9
Q

ulcer erodes completely through the wall

A

perforation

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10
Q

peptic ulcer signs and symptoms

2

A
  1. epigastric burning

2. localized pain usually following stomach emptying

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11
Q

gastric ulcer - gastric secretion tends to be

A

normal or less than normal

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12
Q

gastric ulcers develop in what region

A

antral region

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13
Q

gastric secretion tends to be normal or less than normal

A

gastric ulcer

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14
Q

h. pylori synthesizes

A

urease

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15
Q

use of NSAIDs can cause which ulcer

A

duodenal

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16
Q

complications of peptic ulcer

3

A
  1. hemorrhage
  2. perforation
  3. obstruction
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17
Q

aspirin can cause

A

peptic ulcer - mucosal barrier

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18
Q

sx of chronic cough is to

A

GERD

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19
Q 
peptic ulcer - increase acid pepsin secretions
7
- increased x5
-interference
-rapid
A
  1. increased gastrin secretion
  2. increased vagal stimulation
  3. increased sensitivity to vagal stimuli
  4. increased number of acid pepsin secretory cells in stomach
  5. increased stimulation of acid pepsin secretion
  6. interference with normal feedback
  7. rapid gastric emptying
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20
Q

gastric ulcer main sx

A

food causes pain

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21
Q

results in chemical peritonitis

A

perforation of peptic ulcer

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22
Q

duodenal ulcer management

2

A
  1. relieving the causes and effects of hyperacidity

2. preventing complications

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23
Q

damage to mucosal barrier

A

peptic ulcer disease

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24
Q

GERD drug of choice

A

proton pump inhibitors

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25
Q

GERD - resting tone of what is what

A

resting tone of LES tends to be lower than normal

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26
Q

peptic ulcer - perforation

A

ulcer erodes completely through the wall

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27
Q

GERD stands for

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

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28
Q

alcohol can cause

A

peptic ulcer - mucosal barrier

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29
Q

peptic ulcer - hemorrhage is caused by

A

erosion of blood vessels

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30
Q

peptic ulcer perforation - what can enter the peritoneal cavity

A

chyme

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31
Q

epigastric burning is a sx of

A

peptic ulcer

32
Q

may be the first sign of a peptic ulcer

A

hemorrhage

33
Q

hypersecretion of stomach acid and pepsin can cause which ulcer

34
Q

relieved rapidly by ingestion of food or antacids

A

duodenal ulcers

35
Q

food causes pain is to

A

gastric ulcer

36
Q

atrophy of gastric mucosa is to

A

peptic ulcer

37
Q

GERD

A

reflux of acid and pepsin from the stomach to the esophagus that causes esophagitis

38
Q

peptic ulcer - atrophy of gastric mucosa

A

chronic gastritis

39
Q

GERD causes reflux _____

A

esophagitis

40
Q

peptic ulcer - ulcerogenic substances break down mucous layer
3

A
  1. aspirin
  2. NSAIDs
  3. alcohol
41
Q

increased stimulation of acid pepsin sections can be from

3

A
  1. alcohol
  2. caffeine
  3. certain foods
42
Q

peptic ulcer - obstruction may result later because of

A

the formation of scar tissue

43
Q

chyme can enter the peritoneal cavity is to

A

perforation from peptic ulcer

44
Q

peptic ulcer - damage to mucosal barrier from inadequate blood supply can be caused by vasoconstriction can be caused by
6

A
  1. stress
  2. smoking
  3. shock
  4. circulatory impairment in older adults
  5. scar tissue
  6. anemia
45
Q

common complication of peptic ulcer

A

hemorrhage

46
Q

peptic ulcer tx

3

A
  1. combo of antimicrobial and proton pump inhibitor (h. pylori)
  2. reduction of exacerbating factors
47
Q

duodenal ulcers developmental factors include

3

A
  1. h. pylori infection
  2. hypersecretion of stomach acid and pepsin
  3. use of NSAIDs
48
Q

drug of choice is proton pump inhibitors

49
Q

conditions that do what can contribute to the development of reflux esophagitis
2

A
  1. increase abdominal pressure

2. delay gastric empyting

50
Q

chronic gastritis can cause

A

peptic ulcer from damage to mucosal barrier

51
Q

duodenal ulcer pain

A

intermittent pain in the epigastric area

52
Q

sx of asthma attacks is to

53
Q

sx of dysphagia is to

54
Q

increased acid pepsin secretions can cause

A

peptic ulcer

55
Q

resting tone of LES tends to be lower than normal which causes

56
Q

peptic ulcer - perforation results in

A

chemical peritonitis

57
Q

sx of heartburn is to

58
Q

most common of the peptic ulcers

59
Q 
peptic ulcer - damage to mucosal barrier can be caused by
4
-inadequate
-excessive
-substances
-atrophy
A
  1. inadequate blood supply
  2. excessive glucocorticoid secretion or med use
  3. ulcerogenic substances break down mucous layer
  4. atrophy of gastric mucosa
60
Q

sx of acid regurgitation is to

61
Q

NSAIDs can cause

A

peptic ulcer - mucosal barrier

62
Q

tx of gastric ulcers are similar to

A

duodenal ulcer tx

63
Q

inadequate blood supply can cause

A

peptic ulcer disease - damage to mucosal barrier

64
Q

gastric ulcer - primary defect is

A

an increased mucosal permeability to hydrogen ions

65
Q

develop in the antral region

A

gastric ulcer

66
Q

localized pain usually following stomach emptying is a sx of

A

peptic ulcer

67
Q

sx of laryngitis is to

68
Q

duodenal ulcer pain is relieved rapidly by

A

ingestion of food or antacids

69
Q

sx of upper abdominal pain within 1 hour of eating is to

70
Q

barium x ray is to

A

peptic ulcer

71
Q

intermittent pain in the epigastric area

A

duodenal ulcer

72
Q

fiberoptic endoscopy is to

A

peptic ulcer

73
Q

the primary defect is an increased mucosal permeability to hydrogen ions

A

gastric ulcer

74
Q

reflux of acid and pepsin from the stomach to the esophagus that causes esophagitis

75
Q

h. pylori synthesize urease which does what

A

produces ammonia that damages the gastric mucosa

76
Q

GERD manifestations include

7

A
  1. heartburn
  2. acid regurgitation
  3. dysphagia
  4. chronic cough
  5. asthma attacks
  6. laryngitis
  7. upper abdominal pain within 1 hour of eating

Pathophysiology - Final Exam (26 decks)

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