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Pathophysiology - Final Exam > Acid-Base - PowerPoint/1 > Flashcards

Acid-Base - PowerPoint/1 Flashcards

1
Q

systemic increase in H+ concentration or decrease in bicarbonate

A

acidosis

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2
Q

pH < 7.35 and CO2 >40

A

respiratory acidosis

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3
Q

loss of gastric juices is to

A

metabolic alkalosis

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4
Q

what is increased in acidosis

A

potassium levels

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5
Q

metabolic alkalosis

A

elevation of HCO- usually caused by an excessive loss of metabolic acids

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6
Q

respiratory acidosis

A

elevation of pCO2 as a result of ventilation depression

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7
Q

normal arterial blood pH value

A

7.35-7.45

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8
Q

initial stages of pulmonary emboli is to

A

respiratory alkalosis

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9
Q

respiratory alkalosis

A

depression of pCO2 as a result of alveolar hyperventilation

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10
Q

elevation of pCO2 as a result of ventilation depression

A

respiratory acidosis

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11
Q

acid-base balance is carefully regulated to

A

maintain a normal pH via multiple mechanisms

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12
Q

what have negative charges, and can serve as buffers for H+

A

protein (hgb)

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13
Q

protein buffering aka

A

hemoglobin

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14
Q

renal buffering

A

secretion of H+ in urine and reabsorption of HCO-

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15
Q 
ABG readings
pH
CO2
HCO
O2
A
  1. pH 7.35-7.45
  2. CO2 36-44
  3. HCO 22-26
  4. O2 >70
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16
Q

respiratory acidosis

pH and CO2

A

pH <7.35

CO2 >40

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17
Q

metabolic acidosis

pH and CO2

A

pH <7.35

CO2 <40

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18
Q

elevation of HCO- usually caused by an excessive loss of metabolic acids

A

metabolic alkalosis

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19
Q

acidosis

A

systemic increase in H+ concentration or decrease in bicarbonate

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20
Q

hyperkalemia is to

A

metabolic acidosis

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21
Q

arterial blood pH is obtained by

A

ABG sampling

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22
Q

overuse of antacids is to

A

metabolic alkalosis

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23
Q

systemic decrease in H+ concentration or increase in bicarbonate

A

alkalosis

24
Q

respiratory alkalosis causes include

A
  1. initial stages of pulmonary emboli
  2. hypoxia
  3. fever
  4. pregnancy
  5. anxiety
  6. high altitudes
25
Q

depression of pCO2 as a result of alveolar hyperventilation

A

respiratory alkalosis

26
Q

metabolic alkalosis

pH and CO2

A

pH >7.45

CO2 >40

27
Q

pregnancy is to

A

respiratory alkalosis

28
Q

pulmonary edema is to

A

respiraotyr acidosis

29
Q

potassium levels go up in

A

acidosis

30
Q

sepsis is to

A

metabolic acidosis

31
Q

potassium wasting diuretics is to

A

metabolic alkalosis

32
Q

respiratory alkalosis

pH and CO2

A

pH >7.45

CO2 <40

33
Q

carefully regulated to maintain a normal pH via multiple mechanisms

A

acid-base balance

34
Q

secretion of H+ in urine and reabsorption of HCO- is to what buffering system

A

renal

35
Q

anxiety is to

A

respiratory alkalosis

36
Q

pH > 7.45 and CO2 > 40

A

metabolic alkalosis

37
Q

fever is to

A

respiratory alkalosis

38
Q

respiratory acidosis causes include

7

A
  1. hypoventilation
  2. drug overdose
  3. pulmonary edema
  4. chest trauma
  5. neuromuscular disease
  6. airway obstruction
  7. COPD
39
Q

COPD is to

A

respiratory acidosis

40
Q

protein buffering (Hgb)

A

proteins have negative charges, so they can serve as buffers for H+

41
Q

pH > 7.45 and CO2 <40

A

respiratory alkalosis

42
Q

severe diarrhea is to

A

metabolic acidosis

43
Q

alkalosis

A

systemic decrease in H+ concentration or increase in bicarbonate

44
Q

metabolic acidosis

A

depression of HCO- or an increase in noncarbonic acids

45
Q

high altitudes is to

A

respiratory alkalosis

46
Q

pH < 7.35 and CO2 < 40

A

metabolic acidosis

47
Q

DKA is to

A

metabolic acidosis

48
Q

depression of HCO- or an increase in noncarbonic acids

A

metabolic acidosis

49
Q

acidic with a low concentration of CO2

A

metabolic acidosis

50
Q

metabolic alkalosis causes include

3

A
  1. antacid over use
  2. potassium wasting diuretics
  3. loss of gastric juices
51
Q

metabolic acidosis breathing

A

compensatory kussmal breathing

52
Q

acidic with a high concentration of CO2

A

respiratory acidosis i.e. hypoventilation

53
Q

shock is to

A

metabolic acidosis

54
Q

hypoxia is to

A

respiratory alkalosis

55
Q

metabolic acidosis causes include

6

A
  1. salicylate OB (aspirin)
  2. severe diarrhea
  3. renal failure
  4. shock
  5. sepsis
  6. DKA

Pathophysiology - Final Exam (26 decks)

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