Ch. 36 GI - Book/6 Flashcards
hypovolemia, hypotension, and shock are sx of
acute pancreatitis
pancreatitis develops because of
obstruction to the outflow of pancreatic digestive enzymes caused by bile and pancreatic duct obstruction
goal of tx for acute pancreatitis is to
2
stop process of autodigestion and prevent systemic complications
pancreatitis that is usually mild and resolves spontaneously
acute
epigastric or midabdominal constant pain that radiates to back
pancreatitis
common age for pancreatitis
50-60
chronic pancreatitis pain is associated with
5
- increased intraductal pressure
- ischemia
- neuritis
- intra-abdominal HTN
- ongoing injury
abdominal distention with bowel hypomotility is to
acute pancreatitis
risk factor for pancreatic cancer
chronic pancreatitis
characteristics lab finding for acute pancreatitis
elevated amylase
elevated serum lipase levels is to
primary dx marker for acute pancreatitis
what increase the risk for chronic pancreatitis (besides alcohol)
3
- obstruction from gallstones
- smoking
- genes
pancreatitis pain is caused by
4
- edema
- chemical irritation and inflammation of peritoneum
- irritation or obstruction of the biliary tract
- inflammation of nerves
acute pancreatitis complications can include
6
- ARDS
- heart failure
- renal failure
- coagulopathies
- intra abdominal HTN
- systemic inflammatory response syndrome SIRS
chronic pancreatitis is a process of
progressive fibrotic destruction of the pancreas
pancreatitis risk factors
8
- obstructive biliary tract disease
- alcoholism
- obesity
- peptic ulcers
- trauma
- hyperlipidemia
- hypercalcemia
- smoking
progressive fibrotic destruction of the pancreas
chronic pancreatitis
chronic pancreatitis - what contribute to the destruction of acinar cells and islets of langerhans
2
- toxic metabolites
2. chronic release of inflammatory cytokines
elevated amylase is to
acute pancreatitis
pancreatitis - what accompany the inflammatory response
2
fever
leukocytosis
chronic pancreatitis - may be required to relieve pain and prevent cystic rupture
2
endoscopic or surgical drainage of cysts or partial resection of pancreas
develops because of obstruction to the outflow of pancreatic digestive enzymes caused by bile and pancreatic duct obstruction
pancreatitis
inflammation of the pancreas aka
pancreatitis
which pancreatitis can lead to DM
chronic
systemic effects of acute pancreatitis are related to
release of proinflammatory cytokines into the bloodstream
acute pancreatitis can result from direct cell injury from
3
alcohol
drugs
virus
most common cause of chronic pancreatitis
chronic alcohol abuse
acute pancreatitis tx - to decrease pancreatic secretion and rest the gland, what may be done initially
stop oral intake
because of obstruction, what happens to the pancreas
activated enzymes cause autodigestion of pancreatic cells and tissues, resulting in inflammation
the cardinal manifestations of acute pancreatitis is
epigastric or midabdominal constant pain that radiates to back
primary dx marker for acute pancreatitis
elevated serum lipase levels
acute pancreatitis - what occurs because plasma volume is lost as inflammatory mediators release into the circulation and dilate vessels
5
- hypovolemia
- hypotension
- tachycardia
- myocardial insufficiency
- shock
chronic pancreatitis is a risk factor for
pancreatic cancer
common sx of chronic pancreatitis
2
- continuous or intermittent abdominal pain
2. weight loss
chronic pancreatitis - to correct enzyme deficiencies and prevent malabsorption, what is done
oral enzyme replacements are taken before and during meals
manifestations of what are present in late stages of chronic pancreatitis
pancreatic enzyme deficiency
