Renal Colic and Haematuria - 109

Question 0

Name some associated symptoms of renal colic

Answer 0

Fever, nausea, UTI

Question 1

Why are NSAIDs good for colicky pain?

Answer 1

They relax the ureter

Question 2

Name some risk factors for renal colic

Answer 2

Family history, recent travel to a hot climate, low fluid intake, smoking

Question 3

Where are the 3 sites stones can get caught in the ureter?

Answer 3

VUJ, PUJ, crossing iliac vessels.

Question 4

What are the most common stones?

Answer 4

Calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate

Question 5

What is the likelihood that a stone less than 4mm big will pass spontaneously?

Answer 5

90%

Question 6

What is the likelihood that a >6mm stone will pass spontaneously?

Answer 6

10% - a stone of this size will probably need treatment, most common treatment is shockwave lithotrypsy.

Question 7

If someone has Von Hippel Lau syndrome what kind of cancer do they have an increased risk of getting?

Answer 7

Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)

Question 8

What is the Glomerular Filtration Rate? (GFR)

Answer 8

GFR describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney

Question 9

What is eGFR based on? When is it not useful?

Answer 9

Age, sex, ethnicity and serum creatinine level.
It is most likely to be inaccurate in people with extremes of body type, e.g. malnourished, amputees, pregnant women, body builders, children below 18 years.