Renal Flashcards
asc. w/ abruptio placenta
preeclampsia
trauma
cocaine
Cervical insufficiency
cervical dilation –> 2nd trimester loss
risks: cervical trauma/ surgery
Most common cause of arrest of labor 1st stage
fetal macrosomia
asc w/ gestational dm
Most common renal neoplasam
RCC
50-80 yo
Posterior urethral valve
- boys
- bilateral obstructive uropathy
- frequent UTI/ renal failure
Most common renal cancer in kids
wilms tumor
2-5 yo
single kidney
usually asymptomatic
–>need chest and ab CT to r/o mets
gold std for ddx of kidney stone
noncontrast ct
Baby urine sample
obtain by straight cath to eval UTI
Aminoglycoside in prego
tetrogenic ototoxicity
Aminoglycocides
end in micin
gentamicin
neomicin
amikacin
also tobomycin/ streptomycin
warning lots of drugs end in micin
Aminoglycoside adr
nephrotoxic (atn)
ototoxic
Azithromycin moa
macrolide
Bladder cancer screening
not recommended
What physiology increases the anion ion gap
increased presence of abnormal non-cl acids in serum
Needle shaped crystals in UA
uric acid stones
Risks in nephrotic syndrome
- hyperlipidemia (atherosclerosis)
- Thrombus (loss of antithrombin 3)
- -> Both ↑ risk of MI/CVA
Muddy brown casts
ATN
RBC cast
glomerulonephritis
WBC casts
pylo
interstitial nephritis
Fatty casts
nephritic
Broad and waxy casts
CKD
FSGS is most common in who
- Most common in general
- but also:
- -african american
- -obesity
- -heroin
- -HIV
When to use winter’s formula
metabolic acidosis
nephrotic syndrome in Hepatitis
membranoproliferative
nephrotic syndrome in HIV
FSGS
Minimal change disease in adults is probably from?
NSAIDs, lymphoma
1st renal change in t2dm
hyperfiltration
specific renal biopsy finding for diabetic nephropathy
nodular sclerosis
first change is GBM thickening
Most common cause of death during dialysis
Cardiovascular disease
rx for renal xplant rejection
IV steroids yesterday
Amiloride moa
k sparing diuretic
acid base status in aspirin od
- resp alk
- -mixed with
- anion gap met acid
most common cause of post renal obstruction
BPH
therefor
male»_space;> female
What suppresses ADH
pituitary regulated
↓ blood osm –> ADH suppression
Most common kidney stone
calcium oxalate
Hepatorenal syndrome
↓ GFR from ↓ renal perfusion in setting of liver disease and splanchnic arterial dilation
Normal calcium level
8.4-10.2
Which diuretic would help in calcium kidney stones
thiazides
What would help prevent uric acid kidney stones
potassium citrate (alkalizes urine, makes stone soluable)
causes of stone: dehydration, ↑ cell turn over
Cysteine stones
inborn metabolism error
runs in families
