Relative clauses Flashcards

1
Q

there were two men getting a wardrobe out of the lorry

A

Il y avait deux hommes qui sortaient une armoire du camion

subject (± animate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

If he knew of a place which would be suitable he would say so

A

S’il connaissait un endroit qui convienne il le dirait

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hedges between which he had planted rose bushes

A

Des haies entre lesquelles il avait planté des rosiers

object (-animate) of a preposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

That to which you make reference

A

Ce à quoi tu fais référence

Main clause uses ce and is an object of a preposition in the relative clause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

They will have to apologize for what they did

A

Ils devront s’excuser de ce qu’ils ont fait

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tell me what you are thinking

A

Dis-moi ce à quoi tu penses

non-specific head; object of a preposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Whatever book you *(choose), you will benefit from a discount

A

Quelque livre que vous choisissiez, vous bénéficierez d’un rabais

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The only (ever) portrait I saw of her

A

Le seul portrait que j’aie vu d’elle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

during the season when

A

à la saison où

time adverb (definite)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Interminable weekends during which I didn’t know what to do

A

Des weekends interminables, durant lesquels je ne savais quoi faire

object (-animate) of a preposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Finish your work, after which we can have dinner

A

Finissez votre travail, après quoi on peut dîner

The whole main clause is referred to as an object of a preposition in the relative clause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

I am very grateful for what you have done for us

A

Je suis très reconnaissant de ce que vous avez fait pour nous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

They had noticed who Jo preferred

A

Ils avaient remarqué celui que Jo préférait

non-specific head; subject or object (+ animate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the day when

A

le jour où

time adverb (definite)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

They did some silly things. They will have to apologize (for sth)

A

Ils ont fait des bêtises. Ils devront s’excuser (de qc)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

They repaired what was broken

A

On a réparé ce qui était cassé

non-specific head; subject (- animate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A house whose shutters were closed

A

Une maison dont les volets étaient fermés

object of de (± animate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

That’s something which complicates things

A

Voilà/voici qui complique les choses

subject (± animate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Whichever book you choose

A

Quelque livre que vous choisissiez

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how does one form however+adjective heading a relative clause

A

quelque/si/aussi/pour + adjective + verb in the subjunctive tout + adjective + verb in the indicative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

I congratulate you on what you have achieved

A

Je vous félicite de ce que vous avez réalisé

the relative clause modifies the whole preceding clause as object with de, the head word is not present - de ce que

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When you see someone drowning you should try to save them

A

Quand on voit quelqu’un qui se noie il faut essayer de le sauver

subject (± animate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

You came. I am astonished (about sth)

A

Vous êtes venu. Je suis stupéfait (de qc)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

They welcome whoever comes

A

Ils accueillent quiconque arrive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
A group of academics amongst whom there are Americans
Un groupe d'universitaires parmi lesquels on compte des Américains When objects of *parmi* and *entre* are animate, use *lesquels* or *lesquelles*:
26
A colleague whose brother I met on holiday
Une collègue dont j'ai rencontré le frère pendant mes vacances object of de (± animate)
27
Whatever efforts you make they won't be accorded any credit
Quelques efforts que vous fassiez, on ne vous en accordera aucun crédit
28
She bought an old shop of which only the four walls remained
Elle a acheté une vieille boutique dont il ne restait plus que les quatre murs object of de (± animate)
29
It was the first (ever) film that dealt with the topic
C'était le premier film qui ait traité de ce sujet
30
It's something one can get interested in
C'est quelque chose à quoi on peut s'intéresser Main clause uses qqc and is an object of a preposition in the relative clause
31
Whatever he does
Quoi qu'il fasse
32
There is nothing on which one can rely
Il n'y a rien sur quoi on puisse se baser Main clause, using rien is the object of a preposition in the relative clause
33
We brought back something to drink
On a ramené de quoi boire
34
The man who has just been called Rossi gets up
L'homme qu'on vient d'appeler Rossi se lève direct object (± animate)
35
This is the hotel where he spent the last years of his life
Voici l'hôtel dans lequel il a passé les dernières années de sa vie object (-animate) of a preposition
36
You have done a great deal for us, for which I am very grateful
Vous avez fait énormément de choses pour nous, ce dont je suis très reconnaissant
37
I saw him leaving
Je l'ai vu qui sortait subject (± animate)
38
Whoever you appoint, I'll make his life hard
Qui que vous nommiez, je lui mènerai la vie dure
39
The richest (ever) woman whom we have photographed
La femme la plus riche que nous ayons photographiée
40
She sent what we needed
Elle a envoyé ce dont on avait besoin non-specific head; object of *de*
41
The intermediary we were counting on turned out to be dishonest
L'intermédiaire sur qui on comptait s'est avéré malhonnête object (+ animate) of a preposition
42
However demanding they may be, we still have to satisfy our customers (pour)
Pour exigeants qu'ils soient, nous devons pourtant satisfaire nos clients
43
You came, which astonishes me
Vous êtes venu, ce dont je suis stupéfait
44
He missed the train, which made him angry
Il a manqué le train, ce qui l'a mis en colère the relative clause modifies the whole preceding clause as subject, *ce qui*
45
I'm going to tell you what I have confidence in
Je vais te dire ce en quoi j'ai confiance non-specific head; object of a preposition
46
Colleagues between whom there was no rivalry
Des collègues entre lesquelles il n'y avait aucune rivalité When objects of *parmi* and *entre* are animate, use *lesquels* or *lesquelles*:
47
I bought the text to which he made reference
J'ai acheté le texte auquel il a fait référence object (-animate) of a preposition
48
when can you use quoi as a relative pronoun
Where the head of the relative clause is rien, quelque chose, ce or a clause, and is understood as the object of a preposition in the relative clause
49
in the days when
au temps où time adverb (definite)
50
mas and fem of lequel
lequel - lesquels laquelle - lesquelles
51
I saw three of them yesterday, one of which was green
J'en ai vu trois hier, dont une verte object of de (± animate)
52
A pier to which boats are moored
Un ponton où des bateaux sont amarrés place adverb
53
Wherever he goes, we'll follow him
Où qu'il aille, nous le suivrons
54
He set about destroying everything that was within his reach
Il s'est mis à détruire tout ce qui était à sa portée Both *ce qui* and *ce que* may be preceded by *tout* as part of a relative clause, *ce* here is obligatory non-specific head; subject (- animate)
55
You have done a great deal for us. I am very grateful (for sth)
Vous avez fait énormément de choses pour nous. Je suis très reconnaissant (de qc)
56
The country he comes from
Le pays d'où il vient place adverb with *de*
57
He was going to marry the sister of a colleague from work who had studied in Austria
Il allait se marier avec la sœur d'un collègue de travail, laquelle avait fait ses études en Autriche formal french
58
Papers among which 1 found our family tree
Des papiers parmi lesquels j'ai trouvé notre arbre généalogique object (-animate) of a preposition
59
However demanding they may be, we still have to respect our customers' needs (aussi)
Aussi exigeants qu'ils soient, nous devons pourtant satisfaire nos clients
60
there where I've parked my car
Là où j'ai rangé ma voiture place adverb
61
Do you know of a place which would be suitable?
Connaissez-vous un endroit qui convienne?
62
at the time (of day) when
à l'heure où time adverb (definite)
63
The conference in which I am going to take part
La conférence à laquelle je vais participer object (-animate) of a preposition
64
Whatever/whichever book you choose, we'll give you a discount
Quelque livre que vous choisissiez, nous vous offriront un rabais
65
A group of academics amongst whom there are Americans
Un groupe d'universitaires parmi lesquels on compte des Américains When objects of *parmi* and *entre* are animate, use *lesquels* or *lesquelles*:
66
She lives in a house around which there is a laurel hedge
Elle habite une maison autour de laquelle il y a une haie de lauriers object (-animate) of a preposition
67
Whenever she has a free moment she looks over her vocabulary
Toutes les fois qu'elle a un moment de libre, elle révise son vocabulaire
68
However demanding they may be, we still have to satisfy our customers (quelque)
Quelque {invariable) exigeants qu'ils soient, nous devons pourtant satisfaire nos clients
69
We had to sell the house in which were our most beautiful carpets
Nous avons dû vendre la maison à l'intérieur de laquelle se trouvaient nos plus belles moquettes object (- animate) of a preposition in a prepositional phrase
70
The key he used to open the door is an old spare
La clef qu'il a utilisée pour ouvrir la porte est un vieux double direct object (± animate)
71
The seaside resort where I spent my holidays
La station balnéaire où j'ai passé mes vacances place adverb
72
Whoever can speak a foreign language will get the job
Quiconque connaît une langue étrangère aura le poste
73
At the time when she was still a student
A l'époque où elle était encore étudiante time adverb (definite)
74
lequel with à and de
auquel - auxquels à laquelle - auxquelles duquel - desquels de laquelle - desquelles
75
That represents (used as 'that is) an effort I am perfectly capable of
Cela représente un effort dont je suis parfaitement capable object of de (± animate)
76
I believe what he says
Je crois ce qu'il dit non-specific head; object (- animate)
77
Everything is possible for he who knows how to harness his energies
Tout est possible à qui sait ménager son effort object (+ animate) of a preposition
78
Don't throw out what I was writing on
Ne jette pas ce sur quoi j'écrivais non-specific head; object of a preposition
79
The illness from which he died
La maladie dont il est mort object of de (± animate)
80
He has never again seen the friend he used to play with when they were little
II n'a jamais revu le camarade avec qui il jouait quand ils étaient petits object (+ animate) of a preposition
81
Whatever the circumstances which might explain his mistake, I can't forgive him
Quelles que soient les circonstances qui puissent expliquer son erreur, je ne peux pas la lui pardonner
82
It's the tallest of (the set of) them who won the prize
C'est le plus grand qui a gagné le prix
83
They lived in a flat behind which there was an abattoir
Ils habitaient un appartement derrière lequel il y avait un abattoir object (-animate) of a preposition
84
Someone has stolen what was in the lecture hall
On a volé ce qui était dans l'amphithéâtre non-specific head subject (- animate)
85
Colleagues between whom there was no rivalry
Des collègues entre lesquelles il n'y avait aucune rivalité When objects of *parmi* and *entre* are animate, use *lesquels* or *lesquelles*:
86
It's the moment when the train starts off again
C'est le moment où la locomotive se remet en marche time adverb (definite)
87
However demanding they may be, we still have to respect our customers' needs (tout)
Tout {invariable) exigeants qu'ils sont, nous devons pourtant satisfaire nos clients
88
Someone has stolen the video recorder, which will disrupt classes
On a volé le magnétoscope, ce qui va interrompre les cours the relative clause modifies the whole preceding clause, *ce qui*
89
She was wearing a blazer in whose pocket there was a letter
Elle portait un blazer dans la poche duquel il y avait une lettre object (- animate) of a preposition in a prepositional phrase
90
Three people arrived, including Pierre
Trois personnes sont arrivées, dont Pierre object of de (± animate)
91
Whatever he does
Quoi qu'il fasse
92
I know no-one who can help me
Je ne connais personne qui puisse m'aider
93
a car on whose bonnet was sitting a model
une voiture sur le capot de laquelle était assis un mannequin object (- animate) of a preposition in a prepositional phrase
94
Once when she was visiting her aunt
Une fois qu'elle rendait visite à sa tante time adverb (indefinite)
95
Someone has stolen the video recorder which was in the lecture hall
On a volé le magnétoscope qui était dans l'amphithéâtre subject (± animate)
96
It's there that we will dig the hole
C'est là qu'on creusera le trou direct object (± animate)
97
Whoever you appoint
Qui que vous nommiez
98
She was born in the village which they destroyed to build the dam
Elle est née dans le village qu'on a détruit pour faire le barrage direct object (± animate)
99
Whatever the price may be, I'll buy it
Quel que soit le prix, je l'achèterai
100
However big he is
Quelque/Si/Aussi/Pour grand qu'il soit
101
I will do what I please
Je ferai ce qui me plaira non-specific head; subject (- animate)
102
Whatever the response
Quelle que soit la réponse
103
She heard him singing in his bath
Elle l'a entendu qui chantait dans son bain subject (± animate)
104
We saw what that produced
On a vu ce que cela a produit non-specific head; object (- animate)
105
The young man next to whom he's sitting recognizes him
Le jeune homme près de qui il est assis le reconnaît object (+ animate) of a preposition
106
She saw who was present at the meeting
Elle a vu ceux qui assistaient à la réunion non-specific head; subject or object (+ animate)
107
a writer in whose life he is interested
un écrivain à la vie duquel (or, possibly, de qui) il s'intéresse object (+ animate) of a preposition in a prepositional phrase *il s'intéresse à la vie d'un écrivain*
108
He's a shopkeeper in whom one can have confidence
C'est un commerçant en qui on peut avoir confiance object (+ animate) of a preposition
109
It's the first film (of the set of those I've seen) that I saw, and the finest one I've seen
C'est le premier film que j'ai vu, et le plus beau de toute ma vie
110
You have succeeded in your project. I congratulate you (on something)
Vous avez réalisé votre projet. Je vous félicite (de qc).
111
Whatever may happen
Quoi qui puisse arriver
112
You have succeeded in your project, on which I congratulate you
Vous avez réalisé votre projet, ce dont je vous félicite the relative clause modifies the whole preceding clause as object with *de,* the head word is present - *ce dont*
113
A house whose shutters had been closed
Une maison dont on avait fermé les volets object of de (± animate)
114
She is cutting up the pie which she got out of the oven
Elle découpe la tarte qu'elle a sortie du four direct object (± animate)
115
It's a job that I would have liked to have had
C'est un poste que j'aurais aimé avoir direct object (± animate)
116
I passed him on the stairs which lead to the cellar
Je l'ai croisé dans l'escalier qui mène à la cave subject (± animate)
117
It's a book which marries history, suspense and quality
C'est un ouvrage qui allie histoire, suspense et qualité subject (± animate)
118
She wants to buy a house which has a swimming pool
Elle veut acheter une maison qui ait une piscine
119
She saw the delegates who were present at the meeting
Elle a vu les délégués (head) qui assistaient à la réunion (relative clause) subject (± animate)
120
I invited you know who
J'ai invité qui vous savez subject (± animate)
121
She succeeded in persuading him, which I would never have thought possible
Elle a réussi à le persuader, ce que je n'aurais jamais cru possible the relative clause modifies the whole preceding clause as object, *ce que*
122
A colleague whose brother is in South America
Une collègue dont le frère est en Amérique du Sud object of de (± animate)
123
We saw all that that produced
On a vu tout ce que cela a produit Both *ce qui* and *ce que* may be preceded by *tout* as part of a relative clause, *ce* here is obligatory non-specific head; object (- animate)
124
Whatever may happen
Quoi qui puisse arriver
125
She is cutting up the pie which she got out of the oven
Elle découpe la tarte qu'elle a sortie du four direct object (± animate)
126
Whatever the price (may be), I'll buy it
Quel que soit le prix, je l'achèterai
127
They did some silly things, for which they will have to apologize
Ils ont fait des bêtises, ce dont ils devront s'excuser the relative clause modifies the whole preceding clause as object with *de* - *ce dont*
128
The tourist I spoke to comes from Quebec
Le touriste à qui j'ai parlé vient du Québec object (+ animate) of a preposition
129
It's the moment when the train restarts
C'est le moment où la locomotive se remet en marche time adverb (definite)
130
He is the one who gave it to me
C'est lui qui me l'a donné subject (± animate)
131
The last (ever) novel he wrote before he died
Le dernier roman qu'il ait écrit avant de mourir
132
A hardening of the official attitude is feared, which could increase the difficulties
On craint un durcissement dans l'attitude officielle, ce qui pourrait accroître les difficultés the relative clause modifies the whole preceding clause as subject, *ce qui*
133
However demanding they may be, we still have to respect our customers' needs (si)
Si exigeants qu'ils soient, nous devons pourtant satisfaire nos clients
134
They bought almost a hundred of them, some of which were worth a lot of money
Ils en ont acheté presque une centaine, dont plusieurs valaient très cher object of de (± animate)
135
The door she came through
La porte par où elle est entrée place adverb with *par*
136
That illustrates the contradictions within which Great Britain is locked
Cela illustre les contradictions dans lesquelles s'enferme la Grande-Bretagne object (-animate) of a preposition
137
I am astonished that you should have come
Je suis stupéfait de ce que vous soyez venu
138
The star to whom I wrote has never replied to me
La vedette à qui j'ai écrit ne m'a jamais répondu object (+ animate) of a preposition
139
The white horse is in the field near which we had a picnic
Le cheval blanc se trouve dans le champ à côté duquel nous avons pique-niqué object (- animate) of a preposition in a prepositional phrase
140
There are several trees on which placards have been nailed
Il y a plusieurs arbres sur lesquels on a cloué des pancartes object (-animate) of a preposition
141
He is heard opening the front door which closes again with a bang
On l'entend ouvrir la porte d'entrée qui se referme en claquant subject (± animate)
142
I would recommend the garage-owner I got this car from
Je recommanderais le garagiste par qui j'ai eu cette voiture object (+ animate) of a preposition
143
I have always suffered because of the name that I carry
J'ai toujours souffert du nom que je porte direct object (± animate)
144
Whovever he is, I'll welcome him
Quel qu'il soit, je l'accueillerai
145
The text he made reference to
Le texte auquel il a fait référence object (-animate) of a preposition
146
Whatever his intentions are, don't trust him
Quelles que soient ses intentions, méfie-toi
147
There are 30 mills in the region, including 28 out of commission
Il y a 30 moulins dans la région, dont 28 désaffectés object of de (± animate)
148
She has invited her teacher, for whom she has a great deal of respect, to dinner
Elle a invité son professeur, pour qui elle a beaucoup de respect, à diner object (+ animate) of a preposition