Related Issue 3: Chapter 11 Flashcards
What do liberal countries ensure?
That citizens rights are protected under the constitution
What are the fundamental freedoms?
Right to life, liberty, and personal safety
Since constitutions cannot be easily overturned, what is allowed?
A measure of flexibility within the constitution which allows for evolution of rights and freedoms in light of changing social conditions
What is the limit to individual rights?
No individual right has the right to infringe on other rights
What are the criticisms of legislations of rights?
- Individual rights become meaningless for a large group of people
- The words sometimes have little real power
What do collective rights mainly refer to in Canada?
The rights of official language groups and Aboriginal peoples
What is the primary difference between the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the American Bill of Rights?
Collective rights
What is the link between individual and collective rights in Canada?
Collective rights retain the form of individual rights but are applied to groups rather than individuals
What does individualism favor?
- Self reliance
* The protection of individual rights and responsibilities
What does collectivism favor?
Protecting group goals and the common good
Why is Quebec able to limit peoples freedom of expression?
Laws protecting and promoting French in quebec are seen to be the common good of the Francophone majority that in order to counter the assimilate forces of English, they are able to do this
What can be seen as an individual and collective right?
Freedom of discrimination based on religious beliefs
What does illiberal mean?
Ideologies opposed to the values, beliefs, and principles of liberalism
When have the rights of individuals been restricted?
During times of war, emergency, and environmental crisis
When has the War Measures Act been enacted?
October/FLQ crisis
WWI
WWII
Why is the use of the war measures act justified?
Because it is necessary for the common good of society, because of the treaty of the severe nature of terror. It was necessary to protect other principles of liberalism
What is a large distinction of the War Measures Act?
It allowed the cabinet to govern by decree rather than through discussion and debate in the parliament
Why were Ukrainians interned in Canada?
Because they were considered enemy aliens while Canada was at war with Germany
What were Ukrainians interned and Canada force to do?
Register with the Canadian government
Carry their govt issued ID cards at all times
What could Interned Ukrainian Canadians not allowed to do?
- Publish or read anything that was not written in English or French
- Leave the country without an exit permit
- Possess firearms
- Join any groups
Why were many Japanese Canadian treated with suspicion and hatred?
Because Japan attacked Pearl Harbor
What happened to Japanese people and their possessions?
They were sent to internment camps. Their possessions were confiscated and they were treated like enemies
What is the Emergencies and Security Legislation?
A law created in order to harmonize this with the charter of rights and freedoms
What does the Emergencies and Security Legislation do?
It clearly defines an emergency situation
