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Social 30-1 > Related Issue 2: Chapters 8 & 10 > Flashcards

Related Issue 2: Chapters 8 & 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 forms of thought?

A

Environmentalism and Neo-conservatism

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2
Q

What is environmentalism?

A

A political and ethical ideology that focuses on protecting the environment and lessening the harmful effects that human activities have on the ecosystem

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3
Q

Who do businesses that want to become green target?

A

Consumers who are environmentally minded

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4
Q

How does Environmentalism run counter to liberalism?

A
  • Places restrictions on the way people use their property
  • Promotes govt interference
  • Places limits on personal freedoms to achieve common goals
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5
Q

What is neo-conservative?

A

Reaction against modern liberal principles and return to particular values of classical liberalism

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6
Q

What is the influenced by neo-conservativism?

A

Foreign policy which favors a more proactive approach

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7
Q

How were neo-conservatives during the cold war?

A

They supported American interference to stop the communist exspansion

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8
Q

When did neo-conservatism gain popularity in the USA?

A

After 9/11 attacks where the USA toppled to regimes deems hostile

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9
Q

Who was a neo-conservative?

A

Milton Friedman who wanted to return to a classical liberal mentality

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10
Q

What was Milton Friedman’s neo-conservative viewpoint?

A

Little taxation, social programs, deregulation of services and industry

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11
Q

Who coined the term demokratia?

A

The Athenians of Greece

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12
Q

What does demos mean?

A

The people

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13
Q

What does Kratia mean?

A

Authority

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14
Q

What does democracy mean?

A

Rule by the people for the people

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15
Q

What is Direct democracy?

A

Allows all citizens to vote on all issues

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16
Q

What is representative democracy?

A

Elected officials represent the people and make based on the interests of their constituent

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17
Q

When are direct democracies effective?

A

If voting public is small in numbers

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18
Q

What are the 3 instruments of direct democracy?

A
  • Initiatives
  • Referendums or Plebiscites
  • Recalls
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19
Q

What are initiatives in direct democracy?

A

Petitions are used to create legislation

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20
Q

What are referendums or plebiscites in direct democracies?

A

All citizens may vote to accept or reject a proposed piece of legislation

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21
Q

What are recalls in relation to democracy?

A

When the majority of voters want to remove an elected official

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22
Q

Who created the 3 levels of government?

A

Montesquieu

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23
Q

What do periodic elections do to elected officials?

A

Keep them in check. If they do not abide to the public they risk losing their position

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24
Q

What are the three levels of government in Canada?

A

Executive Branch
Legislative Branch
Judiciary Branch

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25
What does the executive branch do in Canada?
Put forward laws
26
What does the legislative branch do in Canada?
Creates laws
27
What does the judiciary branch do in Canada?
Interprets laws
28
What is the executive branch dependant on Canada?
The direct or indirect support of elected members of the legislative branch
29
Who makes up the executive branch in Canada?
The Prime Minister and the Cabinet Ministers
30
Who makes up the legislative branch in Canada?
MPs in the house of Commons
31
Who sits in the parliament in Canada?
MPs and the Senate
32
How do MPs get their position in Canada?
They are elected by constituents
33
How do senators get their position in Canada?
They are appointed
34
Who represents the Queen?
The Governor General
35
What does rep by pop mean?
When seats are allocated in the House of Commons due to varying population
36
What is Responsible Government?
When the members of Cabinet is dependant on the support of the MPs in the house of commons
37
What does First Past the Post mean?
AKA single member constituency. Candidates who pass a certain member of votes win their riding
38
Where is there a higher population density in Canada?
Ontario and Quebec
39
Who do the Prime Minister and Cabinet need to be accountable to?
The Parliament and their Constituents
40
When will a motion of non-confidence be passed?
If a government is suspected of not carrying out the will of the people
41
What happens if a vote of non-confidence is passed?
The government must immediately resign or ask the Governor General to dissolve the parliament and call an election
42
How many seats must the government party have to be considered a Majority government in Canada?
160 or more in the Parliament
43
How many seats must the Opposition party have in order to be considered a minority government?
At least 100 seats
44
What are the two Chambers in Canada?
The House of Commons | The Senate
45
What does the House of Commons do?
Makes laws or Bills
46
What does the Senate do?
Reforms and passes laws or Bills
47
What is representation by in the Senate?
Rep by region
48
How many Senators are there and how do they get there?
105 and they are appointed by the Prime Minister
49
What age can Senators remain until?
75
50
What color is the floor in the House of Commons?
Green
51
What color is the floor in the Senate?
Red and very luxurious
52
What does republic mean?
The people are sovereign and there is no King or Queen
53
What are the 3 branches of government in America?
Legislative Executive Judicial
54
What is Legislative branch made up of in America?
The Congress
55
What is the Congress made up of in America?
The House of Representatives and the Senate
56
How do the people of the House of Representatives get in, in America?
They are voted in
57
How do Senators get in in America?
They are voted in by the popular vote
58
How do Senators become senators in Canada?
They are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister
59
Who is under the Executive Branch in USA?
The President and the Vice-President
60
Who is under the Judicial Branch in the USA?
Supreme Court who are appointed
61
What is the Popular Vote?
The number of individuals who voted for a candidate
62
What is the Electoral Vote?
The 538 representatives in the electoral college that determine the outcome of the election
63
What does the number of electoral representatives in each state depend on?
The population
64
What do Americans do rather than directly voting for the president?
The vote for those in the electoral college
65
What is Proportional Representation?
When citizens vote directly for a party, and then representatives are assigned based on the amount of popular vote obtained
66
Why would Proportional Representation be used?
Because it encourages and legitimizes participation by minority or marginal parties who would not obtain representation in the systems used by the United States or Canada
67
What does Proportional Representation do in terms of seats?
Gives a political party the same amount of seats in the legislature as if they had for the popular vote
68
What does proportional representation usually result in?
Minority Govts and Coalition govts
69
What are Minority Govts?
Governing parties with less than half the seats in the legislature
70
What are Coalition Govts?
Governments made up of two or more parties who temporarily join together to achieve the majority of voting in the legislature
71
What are five challenges to the Will of the People?
* Voter Turnout * Elite theories of democracy * Lobby and interest groups * Ethics and the common good * Practicality vs. Popular opinion
72
What are the 2 reasons why voter turnout is decreasing?
Voter Apathy | Voter Ignotance
73
What is voter Apathy?
When people do not care to get involved in the political process
74
What is voter Ignorance?
When people have a lack of knowledge on issues
75
What is the solutions to low voter turnout?
Mandatory voting
76
What are the pros to mandatory voting?
* Guarantees the govt represents the majority * Prevents interference with access to vote * Makes people think about the issues
77
What are the cons to mandatory voting?
* Infringes on liberal rights | * May infringe on other rights
78
What are elite theories of democracy?
the claim that society is best served when one elite group of people should be given the task of making decisions for all
79
What do Lobby groups do?
Influence government directly or indirectly to achieve a common goal
80
what are the pros of Lobby groups?
They can act as a check on governments
81
What are the con of Lobby groups?
* Must represent producers rather than consumers | * Work behind closed doors
82
What do governments base their decisions on?
Practicality and necessity
83
What is consensus decision making?
When a group of individuals share ideas, solutions, and concerns to find a resolution to a problem that all members of a group can accept

Social 30-1 (20 decks)

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