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Social 30-1 > Related Issue 2: Chapters 8 & 10 > Flashcards

Related Issue 2: Chapters 8 & 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 forms of thought?

A

Environmentalism and Neo-conservatism

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2
Q

What is environmentalism?

A

A political and ethical ideology that focuses on protecting the environment and lessening the harmful effects that human activities have on the ecosystem

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3
Q

Who do businesses that want to become green target?

A

Consumers who are environmentally minded

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4
Q

How does Environmentalism run counter to liberalism?

A
  • Places restrictions on the way people use their property
  • Promotes govt interference
  • Places limits on personal freedoms to achieve common goals
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5
Q

What is neo-conservative?

A

Reaction against modern liberal principles and return to particular values of classical liberalism

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6
Q

What is the influenced by neo-conservativism?

A

Foreign policy which favors a more proactive approach

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7
Q

How were neo-conservatives during the cold war?

A

They supported American interference to stop the communist exspansion

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8
Q

When did neo-conservatism gain popularity in the USA?

A

After 9/11 attacks where the USA toppled to regimes deems hostile

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9
Q

Who was a neo-conservative?

A

Milton Friedman who wanted to return to a classical liberal mentality

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10
Q

What was Milton Friedman’s neo-conservative viewpoint?

A

Little taxation, social programs, deregulation of services and industry

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11
Q

Who coined the term demokratia?

A

The Athenians of Greece

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12
Q

What does demos mean?

A

The people

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13
Q

What does Kratia mean?

A

Authority

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14
Q

What does democracy mean?

A

Rule by the people for the people

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15
Q

What is Direct democracy?

A

Allows all citizens to vote on all issues

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16
Q

What is representative democracy?

A

Elected officials represent the people and make based on the interests of their constituent

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17
Q

When are direct democracies effective?

A

If voting public is small in numbers

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18
Q

What are the 3 instruments of direct democracy?

A
  • Initiatives
  • Referendums or Plebiscites
  • Recalls
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19
Q

What are initiatives in direct democracy?

A

Petitions are used to create legislation

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20
Q

What are referendums or plebiscites in direct democracies?

A

All citizens may vote to accept or reject a proposed piece of legislation

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21
Q

What are recalls in relation to democracy?

A

When the majority of voters want to remove an elected official

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22
Q

Who created the 3 levels of government?

A

Montesquieu

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23
Q

What do periodic elections do to elected officials?

A

Keep them in check. If they do not abide to the public they risk losing their position

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24
Q

What are the three levels of government in Canada?

A

Executive Branch
Legislative Branch
Judiciary Branch

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25
Q

What does the executive branch do in Canada?

A

Put forward laws

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26
Q

What does the legislative branch do in Canada?

A

Creates laws

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27
Q

What does the judiciary branch do in Canada?

A

Interprets laws

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28
Q

What is the executive branch dependant on Canada?

A

The direct or indirect support of elected members of the legislative branch

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29
Q

Who makes up the executive branch in Canada?

A

The Prime Minister and the Cabinet Ministers

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30
Q

Who makes up the legislative branch in Canada?

A

MPs in the house of Commons

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31
Q

Who sits in the parliament in Canada?

A

MPs and the Senate

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32
Q

How do MPs get their position in Canada?

A

They are elected by constituents

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33
Q

How do senators get their position in Canada?

A

They are appointed

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34
Q

Who represents the Queen?

A

The Governor General

35
Q

What does rep by pop mean?

A

When seats are allocated in the House of Commons due to varying population

36
Q

What is Responsible Government?

A

When the members of Cabinet is dependant on the support of the MPs in the house of commons

37
Q

What does First Past the Post mean?

A

AKA single member constituency. Candidates who pass a certain member of votes win their riding

38
Q

Where is there a higher population density in Canada?

A

Ontario and Quebec

39
Q

Who do the Prime Minister and Cabinet need to be accountable to?

A

The Parliament and their Constituents

40
Q

When will a motion of non-confidence be passed?

A

If a government is suspected of not carrying out the will of the people

41
Q

What happens if a vote of non-confidence is passed?

A

The government must immediately resign or ask the Governor General to dissolve the parliament and call an election

42
Q

How many seats must the government party have to be considered a Majority government in Canada?

A

160 or more in the Parliament

43
Q

How many seats must the Opposition party have in order to be considered a minority government?

A

At least 100 seats

44
Q

What are the two Chambers in Canada?

A

The House of Commons

The Senate

45
Q

What does the House of Commons do?

A

Makes laws or Bills

46
Q

What does the Senate do?

A

Reforms and passes laws or Bills

47
Q

What is representation by in the Senate?

A

Rep by region

48
Q

How many Senators are there and how do they get there?

A

105 and they are appointed by the Prime Minister

49
Q

What age can Senators remain until?

A

75

50
Q

What color is the floor in the House of Commons?

A

Green

51
Q

What color is the floor in the Senate?

A

Red and very luxurious

52
Q

What does republic mean?

A

The people are sovereign and there is no King or Queen

53
Q

What are the 3 branches of government in America?

A

Legislative
Executive
Judicial

54
Q

What is Legislative branch made up of in America?

A

The Congress

55
Q

What is the Congress made up of in America?

A

The House of Representatives and the Senate

56
Q

How do the people of the House of Representatives get in, in America?

A

They are voted in

57
Q

How do Senators get in in America?

A

They are voted in by the popular vote

58
Q

How do Senators become senators in Canada?

A

They are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister

59
Q

Who is under the Executive Branch in USA?

A

The President and the Vice-President

60
Q

Who is under the Judicial Branch in the USA?

A

Supreme Court who are appointed

61
Q

What is the Popular Vote?

A

The number of individuals who voted for a candidate

62
Q

What is the Electoral Vote?

A

The 538 representatives in the electoral college that determine the outcome of the election

63
Q

What does the number of electoral representatives in each state depend on?

A

The population

64
Q

What do Americans do rather than directly voting for the president?

A

The vote for those in the electoral college

65
Q

What is Proportional Representation?

A

When citizens vote directly for a party, and then representatives are assigned based on the amount of popular vote obtained

66
Q

Why would Proportional Representation be used?

A

Because it encourages and legitimizes participation by minority or marginal parties who would not obtain representation in the systems used by the United States or Canada

67
Q

What does Proportional Representation do in terms of seats?

A

Gives a political party the same amount of seats in the legislature as if they had for the popular vote

68
Q

What does proportional representation usually result in?

A

Minority Govts and Coalition govts

69
Q

What are Minority Govts?

A

Governing parties with less than half the seats in the legislature

70
Q

What are Coalition Govts?

A

Governments made up of two or more parties who temporarily join together to achieve the majority of voting in the legislature

71
Q

What are five challenges to the Will of the People?

A
  • Voter Turnout
  • Elite theories of democracy
  • Lobby and interest groups
  • Ethics and the common good
  • Practicality vs. Popular opinion
72
Q

What are the 2 reasons why voter turnout is decreasing?

A

Voter Apathy

Voter Ignotance

73
Q

What is voter Apathy?

A

When people do not care to get involved in the political process

74
Q

What is voter Ignorance?

A

When people have a lack of knowledge on issues

75
Q

What is the solutions to low voter turnout?

A

Mandatory voting

76
Q

What are the pros to mandatory voting?

A
  • Guarantees the govt represents the majority
  • Prevents interference with access to vote
  • Makes people think about the issues
77
Q

What are the cons to mandatory voting?

A
  • Infringes on liberal rights

* May infringe on other rights

78
Q

What are elite theories of democracy?

A

the claim that society is best served when one elite group of people should be given the task of making decisions for all

79
Q

What do Lobby groups do?

A

Influence government directly or indirectly to achieve a common goal

80
Q

what are the pros of Lobby groups?

A

They can act as a check on governments

81
Q

What are the con of Lobby groups?

A
  • Must represent producers rather than consumers

* Work behind closed doors

82
Q

What do governments base their decisions on?

A

Practicality and necessity

83
Q

What is consensus decision making?

A

When a group of individuals share ideas, solutions, and concerns to find a resolution to a problem that all members of a group can accept

Social 30-1 (20 decks)

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