Book Related Issue 3: Chapter 9 Flashcards
What did Liberalism do with many indigenous ideologies?
Conflicted
Why did liberalism contrast with many Aboriginal cultures?
Because of the idea of continual progress
What are the beliefs of Aboriginal societies that conflict with the idea of liberalism?
- All parts of creation are interconnected and manifest in the spirit of the creator
- Humankind must live in a respectful relationship
- Spiritual gifts are gifts intended to aid survival rather than threaten it
How was land a conflict between indigenous people and liberalists?
Aboriginal peoples believe that land belongs to the creator and individualists believe in land ownership
Why did tensions grow between aboriginal people and European settlers in Canada over land?
European settlers outnumbered aboriginal people so they created treaties to inhabit the land
What did the treaties between Europeans and Aboriginal promise?
Annual payments, social and economic benefits and continued use of some resources
Why did many Indigenous people sign the land treaties with Europeans?
Because they wanted harmony with European settlers and they wanted to protect their way of life
What do the modern conflicts about land treaties, between FN and Canadian govt stem from?
- The British not trusting oral treaties and insisting on European style written treaties
- There was a language barrier with bad translators
- Europeans were Eurocentric
What were the ways that the Canadian government attempted to assimilate indigenous people?
- Residential Schools
- Enfranchisement
- Indian Act
- White Paper
Why were Residential Schools created?
To force indigenous people to adopt liberal ideologies and the European way of life
How did the Canadian government use Enfranchisement?
They offered non-Aboriginal rights to FN’s men to entice them to give up their Indigenous status
What was the Gradual Civilization Act?
An enfranchisement act created by the Canadian government in order to assimilate First Nations
What did the Gradual Civilization Act do?
Gave any FN man who gave up their status would be given rights and 50 acres of land for his exclusive use. He would receive his share of treaty settlements and other band money
What did the Indian Act do?
It defined what First Nations people could and could not do defined who was a First Nations person
Why was the Indian Act created?
To separate FN’s and and control their behavior and destroy their cultural traditions and customs
