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Social 30-1 > Related Issue 1 > Flashcards

Related Issue 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What do most ideologies end in?

A

-ism

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2
Q

What is ideology?

A

A system of beliefs that we use to explain our view of the world

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3
Q

What does ideology refer to in politics?

A

The ideas, principles and ethics that a political system is based

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4
Q

What is individualism?

A

Emphasis on individual group values such as independence, self-interest, competition, individual rights and freedoms, rule of law, private property, economic freedom

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5
Q

What is economic individualism?

A

Economic freedom, self interest and competition

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6
Q

What is Collectivism?

A

Emphasis on the collective or group values such as collective responsibility, collective interests, co-operation, economic equality, adherence to collective norms, and public property

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7
Q

What is totalitarianism?

A

Terror and violence in collectivism

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8
Q

What are some values in collectivism?

A
  • The group is more important than the individual
  • It is important to contribute and be like the group
  • The strength of the group relies on the contributions of everyone and the individual may need to sacrifice
  • The entire group is responsible for members actions
  • Co-operation is best
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9
Q

What are values of individualism?

A
  • Individuals are important and entitles to make decisions
  • Individuals should take initiative and value personal achievements
  • The individual is responsible for his or her own welfare
  • Laws should protect individual rights
  • Private property and wealth are valued
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10
Q

Where is collectivism on the political spectrum?

A

To the left

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11
Q

Where is individualism on the political spectrum?

A

To the right

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12
Q

Which two systems of government are under collectivism?

A

Liberal and Radical

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13
Q

Which two systems of government are under individualism?

A

Conservative and Reactionary

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14
Q

What does left wing imply?

A

Collectivism, economic equality and government intervention

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15
Q

What does right wing imply?

A

Individualism, economic liberty and laissez faire government

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16
Q

Which dictator was right wing?

A

Hitler -Fascism

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17
Q

Which dictator was left wing?

A

Stalin -Communism

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18
Q

What is a Radical?

A

A political extremist -instant change

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19
Q

What is a liberal?

A

A person who favors reform, especially in government, economics, and religion and who prefers democratic forms of government in a constitutional state

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20
Q

What is a moderate?

A

A political “middle of the roader” who believes in compromise or balance, gradual change

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21
Q

What does conservative mean?

A

A philosophy that advocates institutions and traditional practices that have developed organically. This emphasizes stability and continuity

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22
Q

What does reactionary mean?

A

Any political or social movement or ideology that seeks to return to a previous state- the status quo

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23
Q

What factors influence collective and individual beliefs and values?

A
  • Religion and spirituality
  • Gender
  • Relationship to the land
  • Environment
  • Media
  • Language and ideology
  • Family
  • Culture
  • Government
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24
Q

What are themes?

A

Foundations on which people base their beliefs

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25
Q

What are the themes of ideology?

A 
Nation
Class
Race
Relationship to land and environment
Gender
Religion
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26
Q

Who was Tommy Douglas?

A

A MP in Saskatchewan who brought public healthcare. He was a collectivist

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27
Q

Who was Milton Friedman?

A

An individualist who likes self-interest economically

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28
Q

Who was Ovide Mercredi?

A

A collectivist who was also chair of the Assembly of First Nations

29
Q

Who were the 3 philosophers that shaped western ideology?

A

Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Jean-Jacques Rousseau

30
Q

What era did Thomas Hobbes live in?

A

The enlightenment period

31
Q

What did Thomas Hobbes believe?

A

Extreme individualism is the problem
to avoid war individuals should surrender their rights to a higher authority like a monarch or dictator. This was called Leviathan

32
Q

What era did John Locke live in?

A

The period after the enlightenment

33
Q

Who disagreed with Hobbes?

A

John Lock

34
Q

What did John Locke believe?

A

That people were rational, intelligent, and reasonable. All humans were created equal and had natural rights that could not be taken away. The government should interfere as little as possible

35
Q

What natural rights did John Locke believe people had?

A

The right to live and the right to have property

36
Q

Who said “the state can tax but only if the people agree?”

A

John Locke

37
Q

What did Jean Jacques-Rousseau believe?

A

He believed that people are generally good and that man is corrupted by society. Also believed in the social contract, and that man serves his own good by serving the common good

38
Q

What is the Social contract?

A

The theory that government can not wield its authority by force alone but must have written consent of the governed

39
Q

What are the 3 main parts of society?

A

Informal social structure; Hierarchy
Economic structure
Political structure

40
Q

What are the 3 types of beliefs and values in society?

A

Economic Structures
Political structures
Informal social structures

41
Q

What are economic structures in society?

A

An economic system or approach to decision making for a particular country or society such as operating according to communism or capitalism or choosing to provide health care or private hospitals

42
Q

What are informal structures in society?

A

The unwritten rules about acceptable social behavior and actions. These evolve and change constantly

43
Q

What do capitalists believe about the economy?

A

Prices and wages should be set by the free market, that is by supply and demand

44
Q

What do communists believe about the economy?

A

That the government has an obligation to make sure that all citizens are provided for within a country. Believes that govt should help distribute resources

45
Q

What is to the left of the economic spectrum?

A

Communism

46
Q

What is to the right of the economic spectrum?

A

Capitalism

47
Q

What is a good citizen under democracy?

A

A good citizen is one who can disagree and challenge the govt

48
Q

What is a good citizen under a non-democratic society?

A

One who agrees with or obeys the government

49
Q

What are the characteristics of individualism?

A
  • Lack of restraint on the freedom of individuals
  • Government does not interfere with the way individuals conduct themselves
  • Liberal ideology
50
Q

What are liberal ideologies?

A

Those that support individualism within the framework of politics in society

51
Q

What are the six principles of individualism?

A 
Rule of Law
Individual rights and freedoms
Private property
Economic Freedom
Self-interest
Competition
52
Q

What is the rule of law?

A

In liberal society (individualism) nobody is above the law

53
Q

What are the conditions of rights and freedoms of individuals under liberal society (individualism)?

A

Liberal societies guaranteed certain rights and freedoms to their citizens, citizens are free to pursue their own interests

54
Q

What are the conditions of property in liberal (individualism) societies?

A

Citizens may own private property. Unless people are invited to do so other people are not allowed to trespass on private property

55
Q

What are the conditions of economic freedom in liberal (individual) societies?

A

The freedom to buy or sell what you want with little govt intervention

56
Q

What are free markets?

A

Limited govt intervention in transactions

57
Q

What is a welfare state?

A

A capitalist economy but govt interference in ensuring a basic standard of living for its citizens

58
Q

What is entrepreneurialism?

A

Individuals who take a risk to make a profit

59
Q

What are collectivist societies?

A

Societies that restrict the freedom of individuals for the good of the whole

60
Q

What are the principles of collectivism?

A 
Adherence to collective norms
Collective responsibility
Collective interest
Public property
Co-operation
Economic equality
61
Q

How may governments foster economic equality in collectivism?

A

Through a progressive tax system

62
Q

What is a progressive tax system?

A

Paying according to what you make

63
Q

What is property like under collectivism?

A

There isn’t much private property, if their is, the property is subordinate to those of the community

64
Q

What is collective responsibility?

A

Under collectivism, holding the whole group responsible for the actions of one

65
Q

What types of governments do modern societies use?

A

The use individualism and collectivism

66
Q

What does entrepreneurialism do for society?

A

Create trigger industries

67
Q

What do modern liberal democracies have?

A

Individualists and collective values used side by side

68
Q

What is Kibbutz?

A

Collectivist societies in Israel where property is collectively owned and agricultural output

Social 30-1 (20 decks)

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