*Related Issue 2: Part 1 Flashcards
What are the principles of classical liberalism?
-Individual self interest
-Humans are reasonable and rational
-Economic freedom and private ownership
-Civil liberties
Constitutional limitations on gov
What did Charles Montesquieu do?
He used satire to advocate his point, encourages the 3 levels of government
What did John Stuart mill believe?
The government should not play a role in people’s lives. Only the limitations that protect the liberty of others should be created
What were the enclosure acts?
Rules where commo ld became private property
Who did the enclosure acts serve the interest of?
Rich merchants who got cheap labour
What did philosophers write about in the age of enlightenment?
The importance of the individuals and that reason should be the source of knowledge
What did Thomas Hobbes believe?
Extreme individualism is the problem, individuals should surrender their rights to a higher power. This is called Leviathanism
What did John Locke believe?
That people were rational and intelligent enough to govern themselves. The government should not interfere with life of the citizen
What did Jean-Jacques Rousseau believe?
That people are generally good d re corrupted by society. Citizens should make laws directly themselves
What did Voltaire believe in?
Freedom of thought of expression
What are the values of a liberal democracy?
Individual rights and freedoms are guaranteed
What did the political aspects of liberalism believe in?
All members of society have the same legal rights and freedoms regardless of their gender or economic status
What are the economic aspects of liberalism?
Individuals have rights to have government non-interference in the markets. Competition
What was the Great law of peace?
A rule that has been passed down from generation to generation to create harmony
What was the American Revolution?
When the american colonies declared independence from Britain
What was the French Revolution?
When the middle and peasant classes in France fought for freedom
How did the enclosure acts benefit people?
Farming was more efficient
How did the enclosure act hinder people?
People had to pay for their own goods and often couldn’t afford
What did Adam Smith believe in?
A free market economy where prices are set by demand, and self interest is important
Who created invisible hand economics?
Adam Smith
What is invisible hand economics?
When the economy was run by the consumers and producers themselves and government intervention is not needed
What did John Stuart Mill believe?
The government should only preserve the rule of law, protect private property, ensure the security of the individual
What was the newer class created by the industrial revolution?
The new rich
What came as a result of the industrial revolution?
Increased goods
More basic needs available
More urban areas
