Regions of the Vertebral Column: Spondylosis, Spondylolysis, Spondylolisthesis Flashcards
What is the definition of spondylosis?
A vertebral condition
What is the definition of spondylolysis?
A vertebral separation or vertebral cleavage
What is the definition of spondylolithesis?
A vertebral slippage
What are some of the causes of spondylosis?
Congenital, acquired during development, the result of aging, or the result of trauma
Lumbar spondylosis has not been reported in what groups of individuals?
Fetuses, newborns, rarely in children under fiver years old, patients who have never walked, and in non-erect species
What is the gender bias and locational bias associated with lumbar spondylolysis?
Men at L5/S1; women at L4/L5
What is the age range typically associated with lumbar spondylolysis?
10-20 years old
What motion(s) is particular associated with lumbar spondylolysis?
Hyperextension coupled with rotation
What fills the space in a lumbar spondylolysis?
Fibrocartilagenous material
What name has been given to the material filling the space in a lumbar spondylolysis?
Spondylolysis ligament
What types of neural function(s) have been associated with the spondylolysis ligament?
Nociception, neuromodulation, and autonomic function
What is the appearance of the lumbar vertebra upon oblique x-ray view?
A Scotty dog
What is the appearance of a pars defect in a lumbar vetebra upon oblique x-ray view?
A collared Scotty dog
What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the neck of a Scotty dog?
The pars interarticularis below the superior articular process
What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the eye of a Scotty dog?
The pedicle
What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the ear of a Scotty dog?
The superior articular proces
What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the nose of a Scotty dog?
The transverse process
What characteristics are associated with cervical spondylolysis?
Rare, congenital, gender biased toward men, most common at C6, and linked to spondylolisthesis and spina bifida
What characteristics are associate with sacral spondylolysis?
Rare in the general population, within typical percents in the native Alaskan (Inuit) population, seems to be acquired, gender biased toward men, most common at S1, and linked to activities suck as kayaking and harpooning.
What vertebral condition results in spondylolisthesis?
Bilateral spondylolysis
What is the direction of spondylolisthesis?
Anterior or forward displacement
What is the posterior direction of vertebral slippage called?
Retrospondylolisthesis or retrolisthesis
Identify all names given to type I spondylolisthesis?
Dysplastic spondylolisthesis, congenital spondylolisthesis
What is the locational bias of type I spondylolisthesis?
L5 or upper sacral segments
What is the cause most frequently given for type II sponylolisthesis?
Microfractures as the result of repetitive stress during hyperflexion and rotation
What gender bias, locational bias, and spinal canal dimensions are associated with type II spondylolisthesis?
Isthmic spondylolisthesis is common in men, located at the L5/S1 level and demonstrates an increase in sagittal diameter of the spinal canal
What is the gender bias, locational bias, and spinal canal dimension changes often associated with type III spondylolisthesis?
Degenerative spondylolisthesis is more common in women, particularly at L4/L5, and demonstrates no change in sagittal diameter of the spinal canal
What causes type IV spondylolisthesis?
Fracture of the neural arch components
What are the cause(s) associated with type V spondylolisthesis?
Bone diseases such as Paget disease or osteogenesis imperfecta
