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Spinal Anatomy > Myology of the Back: All Sections > Flashcards

Myology of the Back: All Sections Flashcards

1
Q

The trapezius is innervated by what nerve?

A

The spinal accessory nerve

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2
Q

What forms the spinal accessory nerve innervating the trapezius?

A

C1-C5 cord levels contribute to the spinal root of th spinal accessory nerve

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3
Q

Which of the muscles of the true back is innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve?

A

Latissimus dorsi

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4
Q

What forms the thoracodorsal nerve innervating the latissimus dorsi?

A

Ventral rami from C6-C8

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5
Q

Which of the muscles of the true back are innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve?

A

Levator scapulae, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor

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6
Q

What forms the dorsal scapular nerve?

A

The ventral ramus of C5

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7
Q

What muscles lie just beneath the trapezius in the neck?

A

Splenius capitis and splenius cervicis

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8
Q

What does the word “splenius” mean?

A

It is the Greek word for bandage

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9
Q

What is the innervation of the splenius capitis?

A

Dorsal rami of middle cervical spinal nerves (C3-C5 cord levels)

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10
Q

What is the innervation of the splenius cervicis?

A

Dorsal rami of lower cervical spinal nerves (C5-C7 cord levels)

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11
Q

Which muscles are identified as erector spinae or sacrospinalis msucles?

A

Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

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12
Q

What is the innervation of the iliocostalis lumborum?

A

Dorsal rami of lower thoracic and all lumbar spinal nerves

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13
Q

Which subdivision of the iliocostalis primarily originates and inserts on ribs?

A

Iliocostalis thoracics

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14
Q

What is the innervation of the iliocostalis thoracis?

A

Dorsal rami of upper 6 thoracic spinal nerves (T1-T6 cord levels)

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15
Q

What is the insertion of the iliocostalis cervicis?

A

Posterior tubercle of transverse process of C(3) C4-C6

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the iliocostalis cervicis?

A

Dorsal rami of T1, T2 spinal nerves, sometimes C8 spinal nerve (C8, T1, T2 cord levels)

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17
Q

Which erector spinae muscle is attached to the accessory process?

A

Longissimus thoracis

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18
Q

What is the innervation of the longissimus thoracis?

A

Dorsal rami of all thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves (cord levels T1-T12, L1-L5)

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19
Q

What is the innervation of the longissimus cervicis?

A

Dorsal rami of C4-C8 and T1-T2 spinal nerves (C4-C8 and T1-T2 cord levels)

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20
Q

What is the innervation of the longissimus capitis?

A

Dorsal rami of C1-C3 or C4 spinal nerves, (C1-C3 or C4 cord levels)

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21
Q

Which erector spinae muscles attach to cervical articular processes?

A

Longissimus cervicis and longissimus catpitis

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22
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the spinalis thoracis?

A

Spinous processes of T11 and T12-L1 and L2

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23
Q

What is the innervation of the spinalis thoracis?

A

Dorsal rami of all thoracic and upper lumbar spinal nerves

24
Q

What is the innervation of the spinalis cervicis?

A

Dorsal rami of all cervical spinal nerves (C1-C8 cord levels)

25
Q

What is the innervation of the spinalis capitis?

A

Dorsal rami of lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal nerves

26
Q

Which muscles are identified as transversospinalis muscles?

A

Semispinalis, multifidis, and rotators

27
Q

How many vertebrae can be attached to a single segment by transversospinalis muscles?

A

As many as nine vertebrae

28
Q

Contraction of semispinalis thoracis will result in what movements?

A

Extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of upper thoracic and lower cervical spine, bilaterally they act to extend the thoracic spine

29
Q

What is the innervation of the semispinalis thoracis?

A

Dorsal rami of T1-T6 spinal nerves (cord levels T1-T6)

30
Q

What is the innervation of the semispinalis cervicis?

A

Dorsal rami of C6-C8 spinal nerves (cord levels C6-C8)

31
Q

What is the innervation of the semispinalis capitis?

A

Dorsal rami of C1-C6 spinal nerves (cord levels C1-C6)

32
Q

The semispinalis capitis and spinalis capitis may fuse to form what muscle?

A

Biventer cervicis

33
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the classic multifidis?

A

Articular process of C4-C7, transverse processes of T1-T12, mammillary processes of L1-L5, and the dorsal surface of S1-S4 or S5

34
Q

Which transversospinalis muscle attaches to articular and mammillary along the spine?

A

Multifidis

35
Q

Contraction of the classic multifidis will result in what movements of the vertebral column?

A

Lateral flexion and rotation of the spine, maintains the lumbar lordotic curve adn prevents entrapment of zygapophyseal capsular ligament during movement

36
Q

Which muscles of the spine exhibit a reversal of the expected origin - insertion combination?

A

Iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum, longissimus thoracic pars lumborum, and multifidis lumborum

37
Q

Rotator muscles are typically identified in what region of the spine?

A

The thoracic region

38
Q

What muscles are included in the suboccipital muscle group?

A

Rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis inferior, and obliquus capitis superior

39
Q

Which suboccipital muscle lacks an attachment to the skull?

A

Obliquus capitis inferior

40
Q

Which nerve will innervate all suboccipital muscles?

A

The dorsal ramus of C1, the suboccipital nerve

41
Q

What is the proposed function of the suboccipital muscle group?

A

Postural stabilizers of the atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial joints

42
Q

Which suboccipital muscles are known to attach to dura mater?

A

Rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, and obliquus capitis inferior

43
Q

At what locations will interspinalis be absent along the spine?

A

T3-T4 down to T10-T11

44
Q

Based on the density of muscle spindles what is the proposed function of the interspinalis?

A

Acts as a proprioceptive transducer in conjunction with intertransversarii to coordinate the smooth movement of the spine and to maintain appropriate posture

45
Q

Which muscle group is innervated by both dorsal rami and ventral rami of spinal nerves?

A

Intertransversarii

46
Q

Based on the density of muscle spindles what is the proposed function of the intertransversarii?

A

Acts as a proprioceptive transducer in conjunction with interspinalis to coordinate the smooth movement of the spine and to maintain appropriate posture

47
Q

What is the origin of the longus colli?

A

Vertebral bodies of C5-C6, T1-T3 and anterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-C5

48
Q

What is the origin of the longus capitis?

A

Anterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-C6

49
Q

What is the origin of the rectus capitis anterior?

A

Lateral mass and costal element of the transverse process of C1

50
Q

What is the insertion of the middle scalene?

A

Between the tubercle and groove for the subclavian artery on the first rib

51
Q

What is the insertion of the posterior scalene?

A

Outer surface of second rib

52
Q

The quadratus lumborum is implicated in the formation of which ligament?

A

The iliolumbar ligament

53
Q

What is the origin of the psoas major?

A

Vertebral bodies T12, L1-L5, S1, and transverse processes of L1-L5

54
Q

What is the origin of the psoas minor?

A

Vertebral bodies T12, L1

55
Q

What will innervate the levator costarum brevis?

A

The dorsal rami of T1-T12 spinal nerves

56
Q

What will innervate the levator costarum longus?

A

The dorsal rami of the lower thoracic spinal nerves

Spinal Anatomy (33 decks)

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