Reformations KT (1-30) Flashcards
View of the eucharist (Lord’s Supper) advocated by Zwingli and also the Anabaptists that holds that this ritual is simply a symbolic remembrance of what happened on the last night of Jesus’ life
Symbolic rememberance
The inward religious feeling Christian humanists sought to cultivate through their reform programs (and that they believed would help bring about a reform of individuals and society itself)
Inner piety
His “Defensor Pacis” supported conciliar movement
Marsiglio of Padua
Noted Christian humanist and author of the influential and controversial “Utopia”, which describes an idealist New World civilization (and that serves then as a critique of pre-Reformation European society)
Thomas More
“Luther’s protector”; he had Luther kidnapped after the Diet of Worms and had him sent to Wartburg Castle
Frederick the Wise
Term used by historians to describe the state of the papacy in pre-Reformation Europe, in which popes tended to be concerned more about status, wealth, and political power than serving as the “vicar of Christ”
Renaissance papacy
The destruction of relics and images
Iconoclasm
The type of church government (organization) practiced by Catholics, Lutherans, and Anglicans in which vacant positions are chosen by high church officials (and not the rank and file members); viewed as a monarchical form of church government
Episcopalian
Author of “The Praise of Folly” and champion of the “philosophy of Christ”
Erasmus
The Protestant idea (in Latin) that the sole source of religious authority is the Bible
Sola Scriptura
Only son of Henry VIII who succeeds his father in 1547 and in whose reign England moved more towards a Protestant nation because of the influence of his Protestant regents
Edward VI
He oversaw the dissolution of the monasteries in England under Henry VIII
Thomas Cromwell
The apex of Catholic reform was at this legendary church council, which met off and on for nearly 20 years and reaffirmed every major doctrine of medieval Catholicism
The Council of Trent
The act by which a person is made deserving of salvation; for Protestants it is through faith alone and for Catholics a combination of faith and good works
Justification
The Aquinas of Protestantism; the great synthesizer of Protestant doctrine whose “Institutes of the Christian Religion” remain perhaps the single most important work on mainstream Protestant theology
Calvin
Archbishop of Canterbury, author of the “Book of Common Prayer”, and martyr during the reign of Mary I
Thomas Cramer
English Calvinists
Puritans
A remission, after death, of all or part of the punishment for sin; in the printing age, they were mass-produced and sold to individuals
Indulgence
Infamous Tudor monarch whose marriage to Philip II was nearly as unpopular as were her attempts to restore Catholicism to England
Mary
When the rightful monarch is too young to rule, a nation is said to be in a state of _____
Regency
This “stormtroop” of the Catholic Reformation was at the forefront of Catholic education and missionary activities for centuries
Jesuits (Society of Jesus)
Reserving for friends and family key positions within the RCC; a form of “corruption” within the RCC on the eve of the Reformation
Nepotism
Historians at times prefer this name rather than “Counter-Reformation”, as it assumes RCC reform efforts were not simply a reaction to Protestantism
Catholic Reformation
Parliamentarian law that officially created the Anglican Church as a separate branch of Christianity and split ties with Rome
Act of Supremacy
An apt synonym for northern Renaissance humanism given its preoccupation with religion
Christian humanism
Erasmus’ conception of Christianity, which emphasized the inner piety of the believer (versus the complicated theological arguments of the medieval scholastics and/or external forms of religion
Philosophy of Christ
He led the reformation in Zurich, is best remembered for his distinctive version of the eucharist and was killed in the swiss canton wars
Ulrich Zwingly
List of books that Catholics are not supposed to read, own, or sell
Index of Forbidden Books
Roman Catholic view of the eucharist in which, at the priest’s blessing, the essence of the bread and wine is transformed into the body and blood of Christ
Transubstantiation
Champion of the new mysticism, which advocated active participation in one’s community
Teresa of Avila
