Reformations KT (1-30)

Question 1

View of the eucharist (Lord’s Supper) advocated by Zwingli and also the Anabaptists that holds that this ritual is simply a symbolic remembrance of what happened on the last night of Jesus’ life

Answer 1

Symbolic rememberance

Question 2

The inward religious feeling Christian humanists sought to cultivate through their reform programs (and that they believed would help bring about a reform of individuals and society itself)

Answer 2

Inner piety

Question 3

His “Defensor Pacis” supported conciliar movement

Answer 3

Marsiglio of Padua

Question 4

Noted Christian humanist and author of the influential and controversial “Utopia”, which describes an idealist New World civilization (and that serves then as a critique of pre-Reformation European society)

Answer 4

Thomas More

Question 5

“Luther’s protector”; he had Luther kidnapped after the Diet of Worms and had him sent to Wartburg Castle

Answer 5

Frederick the Wise

Question 6

Term used by historians to describe the state of the papacy in pre-Reformation Europe, in which popes tended to be concerned more about status, wealth, and political power than serving as the “vicar of Christ”

Answer 6

Renaissance papacy

Question 7

The destruction of relics and images

Answer 7

Iconoclasm

Question 8

The type of church government (organization) practiced by Catholics, Lutherans, and Anglicans in which vacant positions are chosen by high church officials (and not the rank and file members); viewed as a monarchical form of church government

Answer 8

Episcopalian

Question 9

Author of “The Praise of Folly” and champion of the “philosophy of Christ”

Answer 9

Erasmus

Question 10

The Protestant idea (in Latin) that the sole source of religious authority is the Bible

Answer 10

Sola Scriptura

Question 11

Only son of Henry VIII who succeeds his father in 1547 and in whose reign England moved more towards a Protestant nation because of the influence of his Protestant regents

Answer 11

Edward VI

Question 12

He oversaw the dissolution of the monasteries in England under Henry VIII

Answer 12

Thomas Cromwell

Question 13

The apex of Catholic reform was at this legendary church council, which met off and on for nearly 20 years and reaffirmed every major doctrine of medieval Catholicism

Answer 13

The Council of Trent

Question 14

The act by which a person is made deserving of salvation; for Protestants it is through faith alone and for Catholics a combination of faith and good works

Answer 14

Justification

Question 15

The Aquinas of Protestantism; the great synthesizer of Protestant doctrine whose “Institutes of the Christian Religion” remain perhaps the single most important work on mainstream Protestant theology

Answer 15

Calvin

Question 16

Archbishop of Canterbury, author of the “Book of Common Prayer”, and martyr during the reign of Mary I

Answer 16

Thomas Cramer

Question 17

English Calvinists

Answer 17

Puritans

Question 18

A remission, after death, of all or part of the punishment for sin; in the printing age, they were mass-produced and sold to individuals

Answer 18

Indulgence

Question 19

Infamous Tudor monarch whose marriage to Philip II was nearly as unpopular as were her attempts to restore Catholicism to England

Answer 19

Mary

Question 20

When the rightful monarch is too young to rule, a nation is said to be in a state of _____

Answer 20

Regency

Question 21

This “stormtroop” of the Catholic Reformation was at the forefront of Catholic education and missionary activities for centuries

Answer 21

Jesuits (Society of Jesus)

Question 22

Reserving for friends and family key positions within the RCC; a form of “corruption” within the RCC on the eve of the Reformation

Answer 22

Nepotism

Question 23

Historians at times prefer this name rather than “Counter-Reformation”, as it assumes RCC reform efforts were not simply a reaction to Protestantism

Answer 23

Catholic Reformation

Question 24

Parliamentarian law that officially created the Anglican Church as a separate branch of Christianity and split ties with Rome

Answer 24

Act of Supremacy

Question 25

An apt synonym for northern Renaissance humanism given its preoccupation with religion

Answer 25

Christian humanism

Question 26

Erasmus’ conception of Christianity, which emphasized the inner piety of the believer (versus the complicated theological arguments of the medieval scholastics and/or external forms of religion

Answer 26

Philosophy of Christ

Question 27

He led the reformation in Zurich, is best remembered for his distinctive version of the eucharist and was killed in the swiss canton wars

Answer 27

Ulrich Zwingly

Question 28

List of books that Catholics are not supposed to read, own, or sell

Answer 28

Index of Forbidden Books

Question 29

Roman Catholic view of the eucharist in which, at the priest’s blessing, the essence of the bread and wine is transformed into the body and blood of Christ

Answer 29

Transubstantiation

Question 30

Champion of the new mysticism, which advocated active participation in one’s community

Answer 30

Teresa of Avila