Age of Religious Warfare and Persecution KT (all)

Question 1

Ultra-Catholic French family that helped coordinate attacks on the Huguenots and formed a key alliance with Philip II

Answer 1

Guise

Question 2

Dutch leader of the revolt against the Spanish

Answer 2

William of Orange

Question 3

She was executed by her first cousin Elizabeth I in 1587 for her role in the abortive Babington Conspiracy/Plot

Answer 3

Mary Queen of Scots

Question 4

It included a repeal of Bloody Mary’s Catholic legislation, second Act of Supremacy, the Act of Uniformity, and the 39 Articles

Answer 4

Elizabethan Religious

Settlement

Question 5

In 1588, this supposedly invincible Spanish fleet was battered by the English navy and “Protestant” winds

Answer 5

Spanish Armada

Question 6

Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg

Answer 6

Benelux

Question 7

The only survivor in this aptly named war was Henry of Navarre, who was reputed to claim that “Paris is worth a mass”

Answer 7

War of the Three Henries

Question 8

Elizabeth’s childless death led to the end of this dynasty

Answer 8

Tudor

Question 9

The first of the religious wars that pitted the Catholic forces of Charles V versus the Protestant league of the German territories

Answer 9

Schmalkaldic War

Question 10

She helped coordinate the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre and served as regent for her sons, Charles IX and Henry III

Answer 10

Catherine de’ Medici

Question 11

Historic peace treaty that ended the Schmalkaldidc Wars and left the German states decentralized and lacking individual religious toleration

Answer 11

Peace of Augsburg

Question 12

Literally “whosever region, his religion”; the idea that the territorial German leader would determine the religion of his subjects

Answer 12

Cuius regio, eius religio

Question 13

Successor to the Valois dynasty in France; its first monarch was Henry IV

Answer 13

Bourbon

Question 14

After his father Charles V’s abdication, he was given Spain, the Netherlands, New World territories, and Naples (~and Sicily?)

Answer 14

Philip II

Question 15

The”middle way,” or spirit of compromise and toleration that in part made Elizabeth a successful ruler and helped England avoid some of the problems faced by many other nations in continental Europe

Answer 15

Via media

Question 16

The key port city of the United Provinces and the commercial capital of 17th century Europe

Answer 16

Amsterdam

Question 17

French Calvinists

Answer 17

Huguenots

Question 18

Infamous coordinated attack against the Hugenots in 1572; a key event in the so-called French Wars of Religion

Answer 18

Saint Bartholomew’s day Massacre

Question 19

Perhaps the greatest naval victory of Philip II in which his navy, representing Catholic Europe, decimated the Ottoman fleet off the coast of Greece in 1571

Answer 19

Battle of Lepanto

Question 20

The “Virgin Queen” and “Good Queen Bess”

Answer 20

Elizabeth I

Question 21

Leader of the Sea Dogs who both plundered Spanish galleons and led the English navy against the Spanish Armada in 1588, his successes led to knighthood (much to the anger of Philip II)

Answer 21

Sir Francis Drake

Question 22

Landmark French law signed in 1598 that granted Huguenots both political and religious rights

Answer 22

Edict of Nantes

Question 23

The Versailles-like palace of Philip II

Answer 23

El Escorial

Question 24

Also called the United Provinces, the northern Protestant provinces of the old Spanish Netherlands that gained their independence by the Peace of Westphalia in 1648

Answer 24

Dutch Republic

Question 25

After his brother’s abdication, he was given the Habsburg lands in the German and Austrian territories

Answer 25

Ferdinand I

Question 26

The Bard; perhaps the most well-known writer of the English language

Answer 26

William Shakespeare

Question 27

Infamous textbook (in Latin) for uncovering and rooting out witchcraft

Answer 27

Malleus Maleficarum

Question 28

A rival of Shakespeare, an Elizabethan spy, and author of many plays like Tamburlaine

Answer 28

Christopher Marlowe

Question 29

Swedish monarch well-known for assembling a standing army made of conscripts (ad not mercenaries)

Answer 29

Gustavus Adolphus

Question 30

Spanish author of Don Quixote

Answer 30

Cervantes

Question 31

A person or group made to bear the blame for others or to suffer in their place, during the Witchcraft Craze, they tended to be poor, widowed, elderly women

Answer 31

Scapegoat

Question 32

A social and economic cause of the Witchcraft Craze was a move away from communalism and a shift towards _____

Answer 32

Individualism

Question 33

Famous Mannerist painter patronized by Philip II and artist of the Laocoön

Answer 33

El Greco

Question 34

After the Peace of Westphalia, this was the political condition of the German territories and a key reason why unification would be over two hundred centuries in the making

Answer 34

Decentralization

Question 35

The immediate cause of the Thirty Years’ War in which Calvinist nobles in Bohemia hurled out of a window representatives of the Catholic Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand II

Answer 35

Defenestration of Prague

Question 36

Along with the Treaty of the Pyrenees, this historic peace treaty ended the Thirty Years’ War

Answer 36

Peace of Westphalia

Question 37

By the Treaty of Westphalia, it was made a legal religion along with Catholicism and Lutheranism

Answer 37

Calvinism

Question 38

Theatre that was home to many of Shakespeare’s plays

Answer 38

The Globe

Question 39

A military draft

Answer 39

Conscription

Question 40

The origins of this Habsburg dominion in central and southeastern Europe lay in their failure to unite the German states under their rule

Answer 40

Austrian Empire

Question 41

His religious skepticism was emblematic of intellectual attitudes increasingly held by elites that helped contribute to the decline of the Witchcraft Craze

Answer 41

Montaigne

Question 42

Group of French political theorists who argued political loyalty to the nation and not religious uniformity ought to be pursued

Answer 42

Politique