Reconciliation with old enemies and the return of Hong Kong, 1978–97- The significance of China's growing importance in world organisations

Question 1

when did Mao die

Answer 1

1976

Question 2

who visited China in 1971 showing Sino-American relations were plausible

Answer 2

Henry Kissinger (national security advisor)

Question 3

when did President Nixon visit china

Answer 3

1972

Question 4

when did the PRC gain a place on the UN security council over the Republic in Taiwan

Answer 4

1971

Question 5

when did Deng Xiaoping come into power

Answer 5

1978

Question 6

what characterised Deng’s outlook

Answer 6

pragmatism and the principle that the cat’s colour did not matter as long as it caught the mice

Question 7

what would securing a place on the UN security council mean for China

Answer 7

it would mean the PRC was the recognised government of China (legitimate), allow china to participate in global politics as an equal to the USA, USSR, britain and France

Question 8

what was significant about China’s membership of the Un security council

Answer 8

only non-white, non-western, developing asian country

Question 9

what was China’s rate of non-participation in UN votes in the 1970s

Answer 9

32.3%

Question 10

what was China’s rate of non-participation in UN votes in the 1980s

Answer 10

6.2%

Question 11

what did deng say should be prioritised over the ideological struggle

Answer 11

amicable relations with major states and institutions like the IMF and UN

Question 12

what is an example of China participating in international politics

Answer 12

1980- supported a UN resolution to discuss the USSR invasion of Afghanistan

Question 13

what 2 events in the 1990s altered china’s participation in the UN

Answer 13

the Tiananmen square protests 1989 and the collapse of the USSR in 1991

Question 14

what was significant about the collapse of the USSR for China

Answer 14

it was now the only major communist power

Question 15

why did China begin to abstain rather than veto economic sanctions in countries like Bosnia…

Answer 15

because it did not want to hinder trade relations by obstructing the UN’s efforts in areas in which it held no strategic interest

Question 16

When did the PRC join the IMF and the world bank

Answer 16

1980

Question 17

what was Deng’s economic stance

Answer 17

progressive (not politically)

Question 18

how did the IMF encourage reform in china

Answer 18

push for decentralisation, less direct gov involvement, acceptance of free-market values (controlling money and interest rates), changing the taxation system and extending foreign trade/loans

Question 19

When did China increase interest rates and devalued the currency (IMF advised)

Answer 19

1986

Question 20

what did IMF membership mean for policy

Answer 20

made it more transparent, sharing of sensitive data benefitting economic development

Question 21

why did the world bank have a more pronounced effect on china than the IMF

Answer 21

its involvement war broader an reached all areas of the economy: social, regional, environmental and macroeconomic reforms

Question 22

what did a world bank delegation agree in 1980?

Answer 22

5 development loans

Question 23

what was the loan given by the world bank to develop universities

Answer 23

$200 million

Question 24

what was the loan given by the world bank to improve irrigation and drainage in Shangdong

Answer 24

$60 million

Question 25

between 1980-1997 how many loans did the world bank issue to china, total value?

Answer 25

192 $30 Billion

Question 26

what had China become by the 1990s

Answer 26

the world bank’s largest borrower

Question 27

what did the world bank’s visit in 1989 signal to china

Answer 27

that political unrest at home would not derail China’s economic modernisation and liberalisation

Question 28

what did the membership of the IMF and world bank teach china

Answer 28

how to manage its socialist economy within a global framework- importance of training and efficiency, merits of private ownership and foreign trade.

Question 29

when did the PRC secure diplomatic relations with the EEC

Answer 29

1975

Question 30

why did china support the EEC

Answer 30

economically it simplified trade, was a kind of wall against westward expansion of soviet influence

Question 31

when were agreements signed between China and the EEC

Answer 31

1978 and then again in 1985

Question 32

what was the EEC reaction to the Tiananmen square masacre

Answer 32

an arms embargo that lasted beyond 1997

Question 33

what was the value of bilateral trade between the EEC/EU and China by 1995

Answer 33

$45.6 Billion

Question 34

what was ZOPFRAN

Answer 34

zone of peace freedom and neutrality that china supported the creation of

Question 35

why did China support the creation of Zopfran

Answer 35

boost its own economic ties to south east Asia - block USSR ambitions in the region