Defeat and humiliation, 1894-1901- The significance of the Boxer Rebellion

Question 1

What was the Boxer Rebellion a result of?

Answer 1

continued failures of the self-strengthening movement, The defeat in the sino-japanese war, corruption and impotence in opposing territorial demands, scramble for concessions – GROWTH IN NATIONALISM

Question 2

Who did the progressives find a patron in (Qing)

Answer 2

Emperor Guanxu

Question 3

Who was Cixi

Answer 3

irrepresible ex-regent, ultra conservative who opposed any reform to the political system.

Question 4

When was Cixi a regent?

Answer 4

from 1861-1889 after Emperor Xianfeng’s death

Question 5

when did Cixi reassume regency?

Answer 5

in 1898 after she plotted for Guanxu’s removal and he was placed under house arrest until he died in 1908

Question 6

what shows Cixi’s ignorance (to do with money)

Answer 6

she had a marble boat carved with money that was intended for modernising China’s navy.

Question 7

when was the Hundred Days Reform

Answer 7

1898

Question 8

what were some things that the Hundred Days reform included

Answer 8

reorganising the education system, western style university in Beijing, freedom of publication, government departments for mining, agriculture and trade

Question 9

what happened to reformers when Cixi took the regency again

Answer 9

some fled (Kang and Liang) others were not lucky and they were killed

Question 10

where did the Boxer rebellion begin

Answer 10

Shangdong- province that had been humiliated (weihaiwei, german military presence)

Question 11

what was the name of the Boxers

Answer 11

Fists of United Righteousness

Question 12

who did Boxers target

Answer 12

Christianity and chinese converts

Question 13

what did the boxers do?

Answer 13

attacked anything with western origin, they claimed to have supernatural powers (impenetrable by bullets)

Question 14

how many chinese christians were killed in the 1890s?

Answer 14

approx 30,000

Question 15

what happened in Taiyuan

Answer 15

a governor promised missionaries and their families saftey not true and they were all killed by boxers

Question 16

what did Boxers do when they entered the foreign legations in Beijing

Answer 16

put them under siege, assassinated a German minister and Japanese diplomat

Question 17

why did Cixi grant support to the Boxers?

Answer 17

she thought they might be able to rid china of foreigners, she orders Qing troops to help the uprising (order ignored by most regional bosses)

Question 18

What was the Eight Nation Army, how many troops

Answer 18

western nations sent a joint army of 20,000 to relieve the besieged legations

Question 19

What was the boxer protocol (1901)

Answer 19

treaty that demanded the apologies for the murder of the chinese diplomat and a memorial for the Murdered German ambassador, legation quarter was now just for foreigners, allowed to station troops in beijing, indemnity of 450 million taels

Question 20

what did the boxer rebellion signify

Answer 20

the last stand of conservative china– now had to accept foreigners were permanent in china

Question 21

why was the Qing upheld by the foreign powers?

Answer 21

maintain a semblance of national unity

Question 22

how much of the population were addicted to opium (foreign presence bringing it in)

Answer 22

40%

Question 23

when did the Qing collapse

Answer 23

1911

Question 24

why was the boxer rebellion significant in terms of the fall of the Qing

Answer 24

turned it from an If to a When (embarrassment etc)

Question 25

what was important about the boxer rebellion for Japan

Answer 25

a lot of the 20,000 troops sent in were Japanese– world importance