RBC Counting/ Hemoglobin

Question 1

average life span for canine RBCs

Answer 1

120 days

Question 2

tests that indicate decrease in quantity anemia

Answer 2

pcv or rbc count

Question 3

test that indicate decrease in quality anemia

Answer 3

hemoglobin values

Question 4

normal canine RBC count values

Answer 4

5.5-8.5 x10^6

Question 5

what we use to dillute RBCs for RBC count and why

Answer 5

physiologic saline solution; preserves cell and dilutes them out for counting

Question 6

dilution factor for RBC count

Answer 6

1:200

Question 7

name of grid used for WBC and RBC counts

Answer 7

Neubauer grid

Question 8

simplified equation for RBC count

Answer 8

of cells x 10,000= RBCs/ul

Question 9

at what stage is a nucleus present in a RBC

Answer 9

immature cells, slowly dissolves w mitosis and is no longer present in mature cells

Question 10

why a mature red blood cell has all the hemoglobin it will ever contain?

Answer 10

nucleus in immature cells produces hemoglobin, stop producing once mature and no nucleus is present

Question 11

red blood cells are __% water and __% hgb

Answer 11

65-70% water, 30-35% hgb

Question 12

hemoglobin is a ____ molecule with pigment

Answer 12

protein molecule

Question 13

Heme refers to what part of the hgb mlcl

Answer 13

ring structure where O2 and CO2 binds, contains Fe and pigment

Question 14

Globin refers to what part of the hgb mlcl

Answer 14

amino acid chain (species specific)

Question 15

hemoglobin has __ heme structures and __ protein chains

Answer 15

4 heme structures and 4 protein chains

Question 16

how nitrate poisoning affects hgb

Answer 16

converted to nitrites which degrade hgb

Question 17

common source of nitrate ingestion

Answer 17

fertilizers, forages in from drought growing conditions; most common in herbivores

Question 18

sign of nitrate poisoning

Answer 18

brown MM from hgb turning dark color

Question 19

plants/fruit that contain cyanide

Answer 19

cherries (prunus family) in seeds, leaves, and branches or apples (malus family) in seeds, sudan grass when young (can be fed once mature/over 6-8ft tall)

Question 20

how cyanide poisoning effects hgb

Answer 20

changes the Fe to form an ion of Fe that cannot bind to O2, no cellular respiration

Question 21

sign of cyanide poisoning

Answer 21

blood appears bright red because of high levels of O2 in venous blood

Question 22

How carbon monoxide poisoning affects hgb

Answer 22

CO displaces O2 on hgb mlcl but cant be use by tissue cells for cellular resp.

Question 23

sign of carbon monoxide poisoning

Answer 23

bright red blood from high level of O2 in venous blood

Question 24

how we determine hemoglobin values

Answer 24

lyse RBCs to release; use a hematology analyzer, hemoglobinometer, or spectrophotometer

Question 25

normal canine hgb values

Answer 25

12-18 g/dl

Question 26

how a spectrophotometer works to measure hgb value

Answer 26

measures density of subs, % of light transmitted corresponds to amount of material in sample (less light transmitted= more light is absorbed by material in sample/ more dense)

Question 27

what hypochromic hemoglobin value may indicate

Answer 27

anything that decreases Fe stores (nutritional deficit or blood loss)

Question 28

what a hyperchromic hemoglobin value may indicate

Answer 28

does not mean too much hgb because too much would rupture the RBCs (they already hold as much as they can) something else is wrong