RBC Counting/ Hemoglobin Flashcards
average life span for canine RBCs
120 days
tests that indicate decrease in quantity anemia
pcv or rbc count
test that indicate decrease in quality anemia
hemoglobin values
normal canine RBC count values
5.5-8.5 x10^6
what we use to dillute RBCs for RBC count and why
physiologic saline solution; preserves cell and dilutes them out for counting
dilution factor for RBC count
1:200
name of grid used for WBC and RBC counts
Neubauer grid
simplified equation for RBC count
of cells x 10,000= RBCs/ul
at what stage is a nucleus present in a RBC
immature cells, slowly dissolves w mitosis and is no longer present in mature cells
why a mature red blood cell has all the hemoglobin it will ever contain?
nucleus in immature cells produces hemoglobin, stop producing once mature and no nucleus is present
red blood cells are __% water and __% hgb
65-70% water, 30-35% hgb
hemoglobin is a ____ molecule with pigment
protein molecule
Heme refers to what part of the hgb mlcl
ring structure where O2 and CO2 binds, contains Fe and pigment
Globin refers to what part of the hgb mlcl
amino acid chain (species specific)
hemoglobin has __ heme structures and __ protein chains
4 heme structures and 4 protein chains
how nitrate poisoning affects hgb
converted to nitrites which degrade hgb
common source of nitrate ingestion
fertilizers, forages in from drought growing conditions; most common in herbivores
sign of nitrate poisoning
brown MM from hgb turning dark color
plants/fruit that contain cyanide
cherries (prunus family) in seeds, leaves, and branches or apples (malus family) in seeds, sudan grass when young (can be fed once mature/over 6-8ft tall)
how cyanide poisoning effects hgb
changes the Fe to form an ion of Fe that cannot bind to O2, no cellular respiration
sign of cyanide poisoning
blood appears bright red because of high levels of O2 in venous blood
How carbon monoxide poisoning affects hgb
CO displaces O2 on hgb mlcl but cant be use by tissue cells for cellular resp.
sign of carbon monoxide poisoning
bright red blood from high level of O2 in venous blood
how we determine hemoglobin values
lyse RBCs to release; use a hematology analyzer, hemoglobinometer, or spectrophotometer
normal canine hgb values
12-18 g/dl
how a spectrophotometer works to measure hgb value
measures density of subs, % of light transmitted corresponds to amount of material in sample (less light transmitted= more light is absorbed by material in sample/ more dense)
what hypochromic hemoglobin value may indicate
anything that decreases Fe stores (nutritional deficit or blood loss)
what a hyperchromic hemoglobin value may indicate
does not mean too much hgb because too much would rupture the RBCs (they already hold as much as they can) something else is wrong
