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Clin Path > Intro to Hematology > Flashcards

Intro to Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

define serology

A

examination of bodily fluids (serum or plasma)

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2
Q

what serology can determine

A

presence of disease via antibodies

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3
Q

define clincal chemistry

A

examination of bodily fluids for changes in organ function

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4
Q

define parasitology

A

examination of feces and other samples for determination of parasites

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5
Q

define cytology

A

study of cells found in body fluids and cavities to determine organ changes

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6
Q

what is a vacutainer

A

tubes w vaccum inside

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7
Q

vacutainer tube sizes (micro, pediatric, standard)

A

micro- 1cc or less
pediatric- 2-3cc
standard- 7-10cc

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8
Q

what is a whole blood sample

A

blood sample with anticoagulant added so it wont clot

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9
Q

list the types of anticoagulants

A

Heparin, EDTA (ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid), citrates, oxalates

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10
Q

anticoagulant that is naturally occuring and found in many tissues

A

Heparin

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11
Q

what tests we use heparin for

A

blood chemistries, not hematology tests bc interferes w staining of cells

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12
Q

green top vacutainers contain which anticoagulant

A

Heparin

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13
Q

EDTA, Citrate, and Oxalate clot by doing what

A

binding to calcium

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14
Q

choice anticoagulant for hematology testing, why

A

EDTA; doesnt interfere w staining, preserves cell walls

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15
Q

define hematology

A

study of blood, looking at cells and constituents to determine infection, anemia, allergic rxn, etc

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16
Q

purple top vacutainers contain which anticoagulant

A

EDTA

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17
Q

main use for citrate anticoagulant

A

specific clotting tests in animals who may clotting disorders

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18
Q

light blue vacutainers contain which anticoagulant

A

citrate

19
Q

what oxalate anticoagulants contain

A

Na, K, Lithium, sometimes sodium fluride

20
Q

grey vacutainers contain which anticoagulant

A

oxalate

21
Q

where to draw blood from on horse,

cow?

A

horse- jugular vein

cow- jugular, coccygeal

22
Q

where to draw blood from on a pig

A

anterior vena cava, aural vein, coccygeal

23
Q

where to draw blood on rabbit

A

aural vein

24
Q

why we try to keep the animal calm when drawing blood (besides vein damage)

A

epinephrine can change constituents

25
Q

what can happen if needle used to draw blood is too small for animal

A

damage blood cells

26
Q

what can happen if syringe used to draw blood is too big

A

collapse vein bc neg pressure

27
Q

what are erythrocytes

A

RBCs

28
Q

what are leukocytes

A

WBCs

29
Q

what are thrombocytes

A

platelets (pieces of cytoplasm from other cells in bone marrow)

30
Q

what is plasma

A

fluid in a whole blood sample (contains serum and clotting proteins)

31
Q

what is serum

A

fluid from blood sample w/o any anticoagulant added

32
Q

largest fraction of cells made, made in bone marrow

A

erythrocytes (RBCs)

33
Q

function of the bi-concave shape of erythrocytes

A

max surface area for gas exchange

34
Q

red pigment in erythrocytes, what it does

A

hemoglobin; binds to O2 and CO2

35
Q

which has a nucleus, erythrocytes or leukocytes

A

leukocytes

36
Q

hemolysis v crenation

A

bursting of blood cells; shrinking

37
Q

list in order from smallest to largest; erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes

A

thrombocytes, erythrocytes, leukocytes

38
Q

a solid red top tube contains, and is used for

A

no coagulant, used for serum samples (centrifuge clot to bottom, remove serum)

39
Q

what red+ black marbled tops are used for

A

it is a serum separator tube; put blood in and centrifuge, the layer at the bottom of the tube rises above the clot, serum sample at top

40
Q

where leukocytes are made

A

marrow and lymphoid system

41
Q

list in terms of amount in blood, less to most(erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes)

A

erythrocytes, thrombocytes, leukocytes

42
Q

how thrombocytes function in clotting

A

form first plug during vessel injury

43
Q

where thrombocytes are made

A

in marrow (pieces of other cells in marrow)

44
Q

Which color top is usually used for antibody studies in animals

A

Red

Clin Path (21 decks)

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