Intro to Clinical Chem Flashcards
a blood draw after eating is called
postprandial blood draw
best circumstances for blood draw
free flowing, before meds, usually fasted, avoid excitement, dont draw thro catheter, analyzed w/in 1 hr of collection
preferred anticoagulant for clin chem
heparin
why we avoid hemolysis and lipemia for clin chem
color changing tests may be altered, RBC rupture releases constituents that can alter results
what are isoenzymes
subfractions of enzymes
difference between plasma specific and non-plasma specific
plasma-specific: definite function in blood, normally found in blood
non: no known function in blood, any levels abnormal
when would secretion enzymes in blood be abnormal
large amount or presence for prolonged period (secreted by organ for transport to a site, should clear from blood)
cell enzymes in blood indicates
cellular/tissue damage (inside cells of organ systems)
major muscle enzyme used to determine muscle injury
Creatine Kinase found in muscles, free in blood indicates damage
what creatine kinase does
Enzyme that drives rxn that leads to energy storage in muscles and release stored product, catalyze creatine to become creatinine
possible causes of creatine kinase increase
muscle cell damage (caustic injections, abcesses, etc), extreme exercise, paralysis (down animals), myopathies (muscle conditions like azoturia, white muscle disease)
what is white muscle disease
muscle necrosis bc vitamin E and selenium deficiency
T or F, CK levels can tell us if muscle damage is reversible or irreversible
F
what is azoturia/ tying up
horses, break down muscle tissues bc forced exercise after period of rest during which feed has not been restricted
substances we may measure for clinical chemistry
enzymes, metabolites of rxns (products of rxns), or hormones
