Exocrine Pancreas Testing Flashcards

1
Q

signs of pancreatitis

A

acute onset, severe signs of sore abdomen, fever, etc

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2
Q

difference between the endocrine and exocrine portion of the pancreas

A
endocrine= excretes directly to bloodstream (hormones) from isles of langerhans
exocrine= acini cells make amylase, lipase, and trypsin; send to duodenum
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3
Q

what is exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) and signs ?

A

insuff. amount enzymes made; gradual onset, less acute signs, not able to digest food, ravenous appetite, lose weight

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4
Q

what amylase does, where is it found

A

enzyme that breaks down starches and glycogen (carbs), primary source=pancreas, also found in salivary glands and prostate gland

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5
Q

a __x rise in amylase in blood indicates panreatitis

A

2x

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6
Q

a rise in amylase and lipase may indicate what other than pancreatitis

A

kidney failure (excreted from body by kidneys)

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7
Q

what lipase does and where it is found

A

break down long chain fatty acids, pancreas=primary source (also in other tissues)

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8
Q

to test for pancreatitis, test for what enzymes in blood

A

amylase and lipase (values 2x normal) lipase more specific

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9
Q

what kind of anticoagulant used for amylase and lipase test for pancreatits

A

serum or heparanized plasma

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10
Q

sample we use to test trypsin levels

A

fecal sample, test for fecal activity of enzyme

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11
Q

enzyme we look at to test for EPI

A

trypsin

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12
Q

how much trypsin in feces is abnormal

A

none is abnormal, it is normally present in feces

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13
Q

how a gelatin digestion tube test is done to test trypsin levels in feces

A

mix feces solution w gelatin (contains protein), if trypsin is present the gelatin will not solidify

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14
Q

how undigested fecal fat determination is done to help diagnose EPI

A

fat normally not present in large amounts in stool, stain feces solution w sudan III stain, stains globules of fat, fat in feces= steatorrhea

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15
Q

how undigested fecal starch determination is done to help diagnose EPI

A

stain feces solution w 2% iodine, iodine+starch=black color, if black means amylase is lacking

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16
Q

how a fat absorption test is done to help diagnose EPI

A

draw baseline blood (12 hr fasted), feed corn oil, collect blood at 2 hr and 4 hr post ingestion, centrifuge and look for lipemia (no lipase present= no lipemia)

17
Q

how trypsin-like immunoreactivity test is done (TLI) and what it can diagnose

A

serology test, measures serum content of a trypsin-like enzyme that is pancreas specific, can be used for EPI (decreased amount) or pancreatitis (increased amount)

18
Q

how pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (PLI) is done and what it tests for

A

serology test, test for type of lipase that is pancreas specific, elevated= pancreatits, low= EPI

19
Q

preferable test for pancreatitis in cats

A

Pancreatic Lipase Immunoreactivity (PLI), this type of enzyme is very pancreas specific in cats