Radiation (2) Flashcards
What is Radiation?
Where high-energy particles (Particulate Radiation) or waves (Electromagnetic Radiation) travel.
- Also visible light + radio waves
Electromagnetic Radiation
Radiation Waves
- Electromagnetic spectrum
- No mass
- Speed of light 3x10¹⁰cm/sec
- No impact from magnetic fields
- Expose photographic film
Particulate Radiation
High-Energy Particles
Ionizing Radiation
Causes neutral atoms to lose electrons in orbit, making them positively charged.
- X-Ray
- Disintegration of Radioactive source
Electromagnetic Waves
- Electromagnetic Radiation
- shorter wavelength, more energetic particles
Soft Radiation
Short Radiation Wavelength, less energetic, rays penetrate materials
Hard Radiation
Shortest Radiation Wavelength, the most penetration
Ionization
- minimum energy required to remove an electron from the shell/orbit
- the photon energy must be at least equal to the binding forces of an electron
- if photon energy is higher, remaining energy will cause more Ionization until all energy is absorbed
How to create an Ion Pair?
What is the process of Ionization?
Creating an Ion Pair (negative ion + positive ion)
Ionization is the process of where a high-energy particle/photon strikes and dislodges an electron creating a positive ion, the electron knocked out becomes the negative ion.
Non-Ionizing Radiation
Non-Harmful Radiation Waves, such as;
- microwaves
- radio waves
- heat
- visible light
- some UV light
- infrared light