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anatomy 111 > Quiz: Muscles, Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Quiz: Muscles, Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

A sarcomere is the length between two…

A

Z discs

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2
Q

The contractile proteins in the I band…

A

Only actin filaments

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3
Q

The contractile proteins in the A band…

A

Both actin and myosin

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4
Q

Thick filament; Thin filament…

A

Myosin; Actin

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5
Q

Role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles…

A

Serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin binding sites on the actin molecules

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6
Q

Most skeletal muscles contain…

A

A mixture of fiber types

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7
Q

Fatigued muscle cells that recover rapidly are the products of…

A

Intense exercise of short duration

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8
Q

The strongest muscle contractions are normally achieved by…

A

Increasing the stimulation up to the maximal stimulus

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9
Q

Excitation-contraction coupling directly requires…

A

Calcium and ATP

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10
Q

Factor that affects the velocity and duration of muscle contraction…

A

Load on the fiber

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11
Q

Myoglobin’s purpose in muscle cells…

A

Stores oxygen

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12
Q

Structure in skeletal muscle cells that stores calcium…

A

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

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13
Q

Excess postexercise oxygen consumption represents…

A

Difference between the amount of oxygen needed for totally aerobic muscle activity and the amount actually used

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14
Q

Period during which the neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis, diffuses across the synaptic cleft, and binds to its receptors…

A

Latent period

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15
Q

Creatine phosphate functions in the muscle cell by…

A

Storing energy that will be transferred to ADP to resynthesize ATP

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16
Q

Major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction…

A

Regulation of intracellular calcium concentration

17
Q

Responsible for the striated appearance of skeletal muscle cells…

A

The arrangement of myofilaments

18
Q

During muscle contraction, myosin cross bridges attach to…

A

Actin filaments

19
Q

Wrapping that surrounds the individual muscle cell…

A

Endomysium

20
Q

Aponeurosis refers to…

A

A sheetlike indirect attachment to a skeletal element

21
Q

Oxygen-binding protein found in muscle cells is…

A

Myoglobin

22
Q

Contractile units of skeletal muscles…

A

Myofibrils

23
Q

Functional unit of skeletal muscles…

A

Sarcomeres

24
Q

Functional role of T tubules…

A

Enhance cellular communication during muscle contraction

25
Q

Role of calcium ions in muscle contraction…

A

Bind to regulatory sites on troponin to remove contraction inhibition

26
Q

During exercise, when there is insufficient oxygen to completely break down pyruvic acid for energy, the pyruvic acid is converted to…

A

Lactic acid

27
Q

When a muscle is unable to respond to stimuli temporarily, it is in its…

A

Refractory period

28
Q

In an isotonic contraction, the muscle…

A

Changes in length and moves the “load”

29
Q

Sequence of events for muscle contractions…

A

Motor neuron action potential, neurotransmitter release, muscle cell action potential, release of calcium ions from SR, ATP-driven power stroke, sliding of myofilaments

30
Q

Muscle tone is…

A

A state of sustained partial contraction

31
Q

Sliding filament model of contraction involves…

A

Actin and myosin sliding past each other and partially overlapping

32
Q

Prevents ACh in the synaptic cleft from continuing to stimulate contraction after nervous stimulation stops…

A

Acetylcholinesterase destroying the ACh

33
Q

In an isometric contraction, the muscle…

A

Increases tension without changing in length

34
Q

During isotonic contraction, muscle tension…

A

Remains relatively constant

35
Q

Most distinguishing characteristic of muscle tissue…

A

Its ability to transform chemical energy into mechanical energy

36
Q

Part of the sarcolemma that contains acetylcholine receptors

A

Motor end plate

37
Q

Hypothetically, if a muscle were stretched to the point where thick and thin filaments no longer overlapped…

A

No muscle tension could be generated

anatomy 111 (22 decks)

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