Anatomy Fundamentals

Question 1

Anatomy’s subfields are…

Answer 1

Gross Anatomy, Microscopic Anatomy (Cytology and Histology)

Question 2

The Principle of Complementarity is…

Answer 2

1) Function always reflects structure; 2) What a structure can do depends on its specific form

Question 3

List the 8 Necessary Life Functions.

Answer 3

Metabolism, Boundaries, Responsiveness, Digestion, Excretion, Growth, Reproduction, Movement

Question 4

List 5 Survival Needs.

Answer 4

Nutrients, Water, Oxygen, Atmospheric Pressure, Body Temperature

Question 5

Homeostasis is…

Answer 5

Ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment in spite of an inconstant external environment; dynamic state of equilibrium

Question 6

The 3 interdependent components of Homeostatic Control Mechanisms are…

Answer 6

Receptors- monitor the environment
Control Center- determines point of equilibrium
Effectors- the means to respond to stimuli

Question 7

Afferent pathway moves __ to __.

Efferent pathway moves __ to __.

Answer 7

Afferent pathway moves Receptor to Control Center.

Efferent pathway moves Control Center to Effector.

Question 8

Negative feedback vs. Positive feedback systems

Answer 8

Negative feedback systems work to inhibit the original stimulus; positive feedback systems enhance the original stimulus

Question 9

Levels of structural organization (smallest to largest) are…

Answer 9

Chemical level (atoms and molecules), Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ system and Organismal

Question 10

Define Anatomy; Physiology.

Answer 10

The study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another; the study of the function of the body’s structural machinery