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Anatomy 111 > Assessment: Nervous > Flashcards

Assessment: Nervous Flashcards

1
Q

In order to determine the strength of a stimulus, the CNS uses…

A

Frequency of action potentials

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2
Q

Excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle…

A

Acetylcholine

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3
Q

Period after an initial stimulus when a neuron is not sensitive to another stimulus is the…

A

Absolute refractory period

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4
Q

The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is…

A

Axon

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5
Q

Ion channel that opens in response to a change in membrane potential and participates in the generation and conduction of action potentials…

A

Voltage-gated channel

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6
Q

An impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the…

A

Synapse

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7
Q

Destroys ACh a brief period after its release by the axon endings…

A

Acetylcholinesterase

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8
Q

ANS innervates…

A

Smooth and cardiac muscles and glands

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9
Q

Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system are called…

A

Ganglia

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10
Q

Immediately after an action potential has peaked, the gates that open are for…

A

Potassium

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11
Q

Concerning movement of ions across excitable living membranes…

A

Sodium gates in the membrane can open in response to electrical potential changes

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12
Q

A second nerve impulse cannot be generated until…

A

The membrane potential has been reestablished

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13
Q

The interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting neuron differs from the external environment in that the interior is…

A

Negatively charged and contains less sodium

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14
Q

Primary auditory cortex is located in the…

A

Temporal lobe

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15
Q

Cell that lines the ventricles of the brain…

A

Ependymal cells

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16
Q

Subarachnoid space lies between the meninges…

A

Arachnoid and pia

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17
Q

Vital centers for the control of heart rate, respiration and blood pressure are located in the…

A

Medulla

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18
Q

Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of thespian nerves are located in…

A

The dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord

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19
Q

Fissure that separates the cerebral hemispheres…

A

Longitudinal fissure

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20
Q

Describe cerebrum…

A

Executive suite

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21
Q

Shallow groove on surface of the cortex…

A

Sulcus

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22
Q

Generalization that would not apply to the cerebral cortex…

A

The hemispheres are exactly equal in function

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23
Q

Central sulcus separates the lobes…

A

Frontal from parietal

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24
Q

Ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres…

A

Geri

25
Q

Frontal lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by the…

A

Lateral sulcus

26
Q

Broca’s area…

A

Is considered a motor speech area

27
Q

Part of the cerebral cortex involved in intellect, cognition, recall and personality…

A

Prefrontal cortex

28
Q

The blood-brain barrier is effective against…

A

Metabolic waste such as urea

29
Q

Brain area that regulates activities that control the state of wakefulness or alertness of the cerebral cortex…

A

Reticular formation

30
Q

Would not be found in normal cerebrospinal fluid…

A

“Red blood cells”

31
Q

Not a function of CSF…

A

“Initiation of some nerve impulses”

32
Q

White matter would not be found in…

A

“Cerebral cortex”

33
Q

Loss of ability to perform skilled motor activities such as piano playing, with no paralysis or weakness in specific muscles suggests damage to…

A

Premotor cortex

34
Q

Patellar “knee jerk” reflex is an example of…

A

Stretch reflex

35
Q

Nerve that does not arise from the brachial plexus…

A

“Phrenic”

36
Q

Major nerve of the lumbar plexus…

A

Femoral

37
Q

Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are…

A

Afferent nerves

38
Q

After axonal injury, regeneration in peripheral nerves is guide by…

A

Schwann cells

39
Q

Regeneration within the CNS…

A

Prevented due to growth-inhibiting proteins of oligodendrocytes

40
Q

All processing at the circuit level going up to the perceptual level must synapse in the…

A

Thalamus

41
Q

Sciatic nerve is a combination of…

A

Common fibular and tibial nerves

42
Q

Nerve that is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome…

A

Median

43
Q

Bell’s palsy is characterized by…

A

Paralysis of facial muscles

44
Q

Cranial nerve that would not contain both motor and sensory fibers…

A

Olfactory

45
Q

Problems in balance may follow trauma to…

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

46
Q

Patient receives a blow to side of skull and exhibits no eye control and a drooping corner of his mouth; the damaged cranial nerve is the…

A

Facial nerve

47
Q

If the ventral root of a spinal nerve were cut, the result to the tissue or area the nerve supplies would be…

A

Complete loss of voluntary movement

48
Q

Secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of…

A

Sympathetic stimulation

49
Q

Somatic nervous and ANS do not differ in…

A

Their neurotransmitters

50
Q

Would not find a cholinergeric nicotinic receptor…

A

“In all parasympathetic target organs”

51
Q

90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerve number…

A

X (Vagus)

52
Q

Control of temperature, endocrine activity and thirst are functions associate with the…

A

Hypothalamus

53
Q

Effector not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system…

A

“Skeletal muscle”

54
Q

Not a result of parasympathetic stimulation…

A

“Dilation of pupils”

55
Q

Sympathetic responses generally are widespread because…

A

NE and epinephrine are secreted into the blood as part of the sympathetic response

56
Q

The parasympathetic tone…

A

Determines normal activity of the urinary tract

57
Q

Beta-blockers…

A

Decrease heart rate and blood pressure

58
Q

Erection of the penis or clitoris…

A

Is primarily under parasympathetic control

Anatomy 111 (22 decks)

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