Assessment: Nervous Flashcards
In order to determine the strength of a stimulus, the CNS uses…
Frequency of action potentials
Excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle…
Acetylcholine
Period after an initial stimulus when a neuron is not sensitive to another stimulus is the…
Absolute refractory period
The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is…
Axon
Ion channel that opens in response to a change in membrane potential and participates in the generation and conduction of action potentials…
Voltage-gated channel
An impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the…
Synapse
Destroys ACh a brief period after its release by the axon endings…
Acetylcholinesterase
ANS innervates…
Smooth and cardiac muscles and glands
Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system are called…
Ganglia
Immediately after an action potential has peaked, the gates that open are for…
Potassium
Concerning movement of ions across excitable living membranes…
Sodium gates in the membrane can open in response to electrical potential changes
A second nerve impulse cannot be generated until…
The membrane potential has been reestablished
The interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting neuron differs from the external environment in that the interior is…
Negatively charged and contains less sodium
Primary auditory cortex is located in the…
Temporal lobe
Cell that lines the ventricles of the brain…
Ependymal cells
Subarachnoid space lies between the meninges…
Arachnoid and pia
Vital centers for the control of heart rate, respiration and blood pressure are located in the…
Medulla
Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of thespian nerves are located in…
The dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord
Fissure that separates the cerebral hemispheres…
Longitudinal fissure
Describe cerebrum…
Executive suite
Shallow groove on surface of the cortex…
Sulcus
Generalization that would not apply to the cerebral cortex…
The hemispheres are exactly equal in function
Central sulcus separates the lobes…
Frontal from parietal
Ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres…
Geri
Frontal lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by the…
Lateral sulcus
Broca’s area…
Is considered a motor speech area
Part of the cerebral cortex involved in intellect, cognition, recall and personality…
Prefrontal cortex
The blood-brain barrier is effective against…
Metabolic waste such as urea
Brain area that regulates activities that control the state of wakefulness or alertness of the cerebral cortex…
Reticular formation
Would not be found in normal cerebrospinal fluid…
“Red blood cells”
Not a function of CSF…
“Initiation of some nerve impulses”
White matter would not be found in…
“Cerebral cortex”
Loss of ability to perform skilled motor activities such as piano playing, with no paralysis or weakness in specific muscles suggests damage to…
Premotor cortex
Patellar “knee jerk” reflex is an example of…
Stretch reflex
Nerve that does not arise from the brachial plexus…
“Phrenic”
Major nerve of the lumbar plexus…
Femoral
Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are…
Afferent nerves
After axonal injury, regeneration in peripheral nerves is guide by…
Schwann cells
Regeneration within the CNS…
Prevented due to growth-inhibiting proteins of oligodendrocytes
All processing at the circuit level going up to the perceptual level must synapse in the…
Thalamus
Sciatic nerve is a combination of…
Common fibular and tibial nerves
Nerve that is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome…
Median
Bell’s palsy is characterized by…
Paralysis of facial muscles
Cranial nerve that would not contain both motor and sensory fibers…
Olfactory
Problems in balance may follow trauma to…
Vestibulocochlear nerve
Patient receives a blow to side of skull and exhibits no eye control and a drooping corner of his mouth; the damaged cranial nerve is the…
Facial nerve
If the ventral root of a spinal nerve were cut, the result to the tissue or area the nerve supplies would be…
Complete loss of voluntary movement
Secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of…
Sympathetic stimulation
Somatic nervous and ANS do not differ in…
Their neurotransmitters
Would not find a cholinergeric nicotinic receptor…
“In all parasympathetic target organs”
90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerve number…
X (Vagus)
Control of temperature, endocrine activity and thirst are functions associate with the…
Hypothalamus
Effector not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system…
“Skeletal muscle”
Not a result of parasympathetic stimulation…
“Dilation of pupils”
Sympathetic responses generally are widespread because…
NE and epinephrine are secreted into the blood as part of the sympathetic response
The parasympathetic tone…
Determines normal activity of the urinary tract
Beta-blockers…
Decrease heart rate and blood pressure
Erection of the penis or clitoris…
Is primarily under parasympathetic control
