Quiz 8 Flashcards
What is a gene?
A section of a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
What is a gene pair?
Two pairs of a specific gene that the child inherits. One from each parent. Also a set of two alleles.
What is a locus?
The physical location of a gene on a chromosome
What are alleles?
Versions of the same gene - E or e (dominant vs recessive)
What is Homozygous?
EE, ee (same alleles)
What is heterozygous?
Ee (different alleles)
What are dominant alleles?
Fully expressed alleles when present in gene pair
What are recessive alleles?
Alleles only expressed in homozygous state (ee)
What is a genotype?
Allelie make up of a gene pair (EE, Ee, ee)
What is a phenotype?
The physical expression of a genotype
What are the two fields of genetic studies?
Mendelian Genetics and Molecular Genetics
What is Mendelian Genetics?
The study of patterns of inheritance
What is Molecular Genetics?
The study of DNA, RNA - structure of genetic material
What are monohybrid crosses?
Both parents are heterozygous
What is Mendel’s 1st Law?
Principle of Segregation - organisms posses 2 factors of each trait and gamete production results in each gamete getting one of those factors
