Quiz 2- Anna made

Question 1

What is an integral membrane protein

Answer 1

embedded in the plasma membrane go through it fully

Question 2

What is an peripheral membrane protein

Answer 2

Attached to surface of plasma membrane

Question 3

Membrane protein: transporters

Answer 3

(channels, pumps, gates) move substances across membrane

Question 4

Membrane protein: Receptors

Answer 4

respond to neurotransmitters and hormones

Question 5

Membrane protein: Identity markers

Answer 5

identify “self” to immune cells

Question 6

Membrane protein: Enzymes

Answer 6

catalyze chemical reactions

Question 7

Membrane protein: Anchoring sites

Answer 7

secure cytoskeleton to membrane

Question 8

Membrane protein: Linkers

Answer 8

cell-to-cell attachment

Question 9

Membrane lipid: Cholesterol

Answer 9

Lipoproteins: Strengthen membrane and stabilize against temperature extremes

Question 10

Membrane lipid: Glycolipids

Answer 10

Lipids with attached carbohydrate groups: Maintain membrane

Question 11

name the 3 membrane junctions

Answer 11

Tight junctions, Desmosomes, Gap junctions

Question 12

Tight junctions

Answer 12

Protein “stitches” anchoring neighboring cells, Prevent substances from passing between cells, Require materials to move through, rather than between cells

Question 13

Desmosomes

Answer 13

Stronger protein connections that link adjacent cytoskeletons

Question 14

Gap junctions

Answer 14

Form tiny, fluid-filled tunnels Provide direct passageway for ions to travel between cells

Question 15

function of the Golgi apparatus

Answer 15

Sorts and packages macromolecules for cell maintenance, repair and transport

Question 16

function of Proteasomes

Answer 16

to destroy proteins

Question 17

What is osmosis?

Answer 17

Water going from low solute concentration to high concentration, glucose attracts it like a magnet.

Question 18

What happens to a cell when it is placed in an Isotonic solution: the amount of water in a cell stays the same?

Answer 18

the amount of water in a cell stays the same

Question 19

What happens to a cell when it is placed in a Hypotonic solution?

Answer 19

the amount of water in a cell increases, more glucose/solute inside the cell, the cell will burst this is called hemolysis

Question 20

What happens to a cell when it is placed in a Hypertonic solution?

Answer 20

the amount of water in a cell decreases, more glucose/solute outside the cell, the cell will crinkle up this is called crenation.

Question 21

when a cell explodes it is called

Answer 21

hemolysis

Question 22

when a cell crinkles up it is called

Answer 22

crenation

Question 23

simple diffusion

Answer 23

Molecules move unassisted between phospholipid membrane

Question 24

facilitated diffusion

Answer 24

Channel-mediated and Carrier-mediated

Question 25

Primary Active Transport

Answer 25

Membrane protein uses ATP to change shape and carry substance across plasma membrane

Question 26

Secondary Active Transport

Answer 26

uses the energy stored in these gradients to move other substances against their own gradients

Question 27

Pinocytosis

Answer 27

cell drinking

Question 28

phagocytosis

Answer 28

cell eating

Question 29

exocytosis

Answer 29

Contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior

Question 30

ribosome

Answer 30

protein synthesis

Question 31

rough er

Answer 31

protein synthesis and packaging

Question 32

smooth er

Answer 32

Synthesis of carbohydrates, lipids, and steroid hormones

Question 33

lysosome

Answer 33

sac of digestive enzyme

Question 34

peroxisome

Answer 34

breaking down toxic materials

Question 35

Proteasomes

Answer 35

Protein-digesting organelles