Quiz 2 Flashcards
the inability to recognize an object or interpret sensory stimuli.
agnosia
Which designator is used to represent the left ear (lobe or mastoid area) on a standard EEG electrode montage?
A1
Febrile seizures are a definite early warning sign of the presence of epilepsy.
FALSE
best describe the light reflex of the visual system when a bright light is directed into one eye?
the stimulation goes to the brainstem via CN II and then causes CN III to activate the pupillary constrictors in both eyes
Main motor area located on the precentral gyrus with direct cortical control over motor neurons
Primary motor cortex
aids in preparation for motor movements through facilitating specific sets of primary motor neuronstate specific sets of neurons
premotor area (PMA)
facilitates coordination of complex movements and is not needed for simple repetitive tasks
supplemental motor area (SMA)
A lesion to the cortex resulting in weakness of the extraocular eye muscles interrupting voluntary saccades but with intact ocular reflexes is an example of?
supranuclear opthalmoplegia
best describe activities mediated by the parasympathetic nervous system?
Decreasing heart rate, increasing digestive activity and pupillary constriction.
Which photoreceptors of the retina are responsible for color vision?
cons
Why do most individuals exhibit a right ear advantage when listening to complex speech stimuli?
Because the right ear is most directly connected to the left brain which is the speech dominant hemisphere for most people
All patients who have tinnitus in one or both ears are extremely debilitated by it and cannot work or enjoy daily activities due to the strong emotional and physiological responses they have to the sounds.
false
The right visual field is represented in the visual cortex on the left side of the brain.
true
accurately descibe the retinogeniculostriate pathway?
Visual information is picked up by rods and cones in the retina and sent along axons of CN II to the optic chiasm where some fibers decussate and enter either the left or right optic tract. These fibers synapse in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus. Fibers leaving the thalamus project through the internal capsule to become optic radiations to reach the primary visual cortex above and below the calcarine sulcus.
Ballismus is a movement disorder characterized by
A “jumping about” movement where an arm or leg shows wild flailing movements
Which of the following is NOT TRUE regarding neuronal regeneration?
A neurite sprouting from a damaged neuron will seek a favorable environment such as a Schwann tube to continue to regrow.
Neuronal regeneration is most likely to occur within the central nervous system tissues such as in the spinal cord.
A regenerating motor neuron may be attracted to increased acetylcholine receptors on a muscle to form a new myoneural junction.
Regeneration of a neuron is more likely to occur if the neuron is crushed or only has a few millimeters of gap rather than a large distance between the severed portions.
Neuronal regeneration is most likely to occur within the central nervous system tissues such as in the spinal cord.
At the the site of an injury, damaged cells and nociceptors release many chemicals (e.g. K+, serotonin, substance P, bradykinin), and these chemicals cause
The dilation of arterioles, causing redness (flare) at the site of injury.
The leakage of plasma from venules, causing edema (swelling) at the site if injury.
The attraction of phagocytes to the area of the damage for cleaning away debris
What is the name for the type of pain described by someone feeling pain in the chest wall or left arm when the stimulation is from the heart due to myocardial ischemia (a heart attack)?
referred pain
What area in the eye creates the natural blind spot?
optic disk
Which fluid in the eyeball is the jelly-like semifluid which is important for maintaining the round shape of the globe of the eyeball?
vitreous fluid
If a patient has spontaneous nystagmus, why might you not see it when the patient comes to your office and you are taking their case history?
Because the ability to visually fixate on objects in a lighted room masks or controls the nystagmus
Because the ability to visually fixate on objects in a lighted room masks or controls the nystagmus
A lesion impacting a portion (one half) of the optic radiations, specifically those going to the cuneus gyrus on one side
Which description is accurate regarding the flow of blood?
Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the heart through the superior and inferior vena cava
How many pulmonary veins exist in the cardiovascular system?
4
best describe the organization of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?
The ANS involves a 2-neuron chain with the pre-ganglionic neuron from the lateral gray horn of the spinal cord (or some brainstem nuclei) and the post-ganglionic neuron with it’s cell body in the peripheral nervous system just outside the spinal cord
