(Q2) Bases, Aqueous Bases, Salts, Electrolytes, pH, Buffers (pg. 18-21)

Question 1

Salts

Answer 1

• Composed of ions of metallic elements or the positive ammonium ion in combination with one or more ions of a nonmetallic element
• Are Ionic substances (have a charge)

Question 2

Electrolytes

Answer 2

• Salts that dissolve in water and dissociate into positive and negative ions
• The presence of ions in a solutions enables it to conduct electricity

Question 3

Electrolysis

Answer 3

The passage of an electric current through a solution
can be acids, bases, or salts
- Solutions that allow electrolysis are electrolytes

Question 4

pH Hydrogen Ion Concentration

Answer 4

• Measure of Hydrogen Ion Concentration
• A neutral solution would have the same concentration of hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion concentration
• pH 7 is neutral
• Less than 7 is acidic
• More than 7 is basic/alkaline

Question 5

pH of blood

Answer 5

7.3-7.5

Question 6

Buffers

Answer 6

Protective mechanism in the blood that protect against changes in pH

Question 7

pH dependance of formaldehyde in embalming fluids

Answer 7

After death, pH of blood changes from slightly basic to acidic then becomes basic again as decomp progresses
- Because formaldehyde is pH dependent and functions better at pH values closer to blood, buffers are also added to embalming fluids
- Borax, sodium phosphates and citrates

Question 8

Weak electrolytes

Answer 8

weak conductors of electricity

Question 9

Strong electrolytes

Answer 9

good conductors of electricity

Question 10

pH of Human Gastric Juice

Answer 10

1.0-3.0

Question 11

pH of Pure Water

Answer 11

7.0

Question 12

pH of Embalming Fluid

Answer 12

6.5-9.0