(Q1) States and Types of Matter Flashcards
State of Matter
Determined by the amount of energy it possesses
What is the most energetic state?
Gas
Which state of matter has intermediate energy?
Liquid
Which state of matter has the least energy?
Solid
What do particles do in the gaseous state?
Each particle possesses a random, rapid motion independent of the other particles
What do particles do in the Liquid state?
Particles slide past each other
What do particles do in the solid state?
Particles vibrate around fixed positions
Entropy
A measure of the amount of disorder or randomness
How much entropy do solids have?
They have the least entropy and are the most ordered
How much entropy do gases have?
Gases have the most entropy and are the least ordered
Heat of Fission
Quantity of heat that is absorbed to convert one gram of solid to one gram of liquid at the substance’s melting point
What is the Heat of Fission for water?
80 calories per gram
Heat of Vaporation
Amount of heat necessary to change one gram of a substance from a liquid to the gaseous state at the boiling point
What is the Heat of Vaporation for water?
540 calories per gram
Exothermic
Any process that liberates heat
Endothermic
Any process that absorbs heat
What are the exothermic processes?
Gas to Liquid
Liquid to Solid
(heat is decreasing)
What are the Endothermic processes?
Solid to Liquid
Liquid to Gas
(heat is increasing)
Tankard unit of length
Meter
Standard unit of volume
Cubic meters
Standard unit of mass
Kilogram
Standard unit of heat
Joules
Calorie
The quantity of heat necessary to raise a temperature of 1 g of water 1°C
