PYCH CH.13

Question 1

social psychology

Answer 1

causes and consequences of sociality insight into how human solve problem of survival and reproduction

Question 2

aggression

Answer 2

someones purpose is to harm others
proactive aggression planned and purposeful
reactive agression
spontaneous response to negative affect

Question 3

frustration aggression hypothesis

Answer 3

animals aggress when their goals are frustrated
ex a chimp who wants a banana and sees another one has it may attack it to get it

Question 4

cooperation

Answer 4

behaviour by 2 or more individuals that lead to mutual benefits
ex. two wolfs working together to kill a rabbit

Question 5

minimizing the risk of cooperation

Answer 5

groups can promote unethical behaviour to reduce this members of ones groups should show in group favouritism

Question 6

altruistic behaviour

Answer 6

is intentional that benefits another with the potential cost to oneself
- a man donating his kidney to someone

Question 7

reciprocal altruism

Answer 7

benefits another but those benefits will be returned in the future
ex. someone does something nice for someone then in the future they do something nice for them

Question 8

kin selection

Answer 8

evolution selects for individuals who cooperate with their relatives

Question 9

attraction

Answer 9

feeling of preference caused by psychological situational and physical

Question 10

psychological factors

Answer 10

inner qualities attitudes and beliefs

Question 11

situational factor

Answer 11

mere exposure effect the tendency of liking someone from increasing exposure

Question 12

physical factors

Answer 12

body, symmetry, and age

Question 13

2 types of love

Answer 13

passionate love- experience with euphoria, intimacy, and sexual attraction
compassionate love- affection, love, trust, and concern for partner

Question 14

stereotyping

Answer 14

assuming individuals category based on what they look like

unconscious- we don’t always know were doing it
automatic- we cant avoid it even when trying

Question 15

attributions to stereotypes
dispostitional
situational
convariation model

Answer 15

dispositional- someones internal disposition as cause
situational- the external situation as a cause
covariation model- claims rely on consistency, distinctiveness, consensus

Question 16

fundamental attribution error

Answer 16

people overemphasize personal characteristics and ignore situational factors in judging others’ behavior.
ex. getting mad a coworker for lateness when they got stuck in traffic

Question 17

actor observer effect

Answer 17

the tendency to attribute our own behavior to situational causes but others to internal ones.

ex. we trip and fall its the slippery ground
someone else falls their clumsy

Question 18

3 motivations of social influence

Answer 18

hedonic principle- gain pleasure avoid pain
approval motive- being accepted not rejected
accuracy motive- being right not wrong

Question 19

conformity

Answer 19

doing what others do

Question 20

persuasion

Answer 20

when a person influences what another persons attitude and what to believe

Question 21

door in the face

Answer 21

requesting a large request followed by a smaller request

Question 22

central route persusion

Answer 22

attitudes and believes are through logic and reason
ex. arguing opinions

Question 23

peripheral route persuasion

Answer 23

attitudes and beliefs are through emotions and habits
ex. analyzing an argument

Question 24

social cognition

Answer 24

the processes by which people understand others

Question 25

category based inferences

targeted based inferences

Answer 25

category- information about a person to where they belong

targeted- based on individuals behaviour

Question 26

prejudice
discrimination

Answer 26

p- negative evaluation
d- negative behaviour

Question 27

cognitive dissonance

Answer 27

unpleasant state when someone realizes there no longer following their attitudes or beliefs

Question 28

foot in the door technique

Answer 28

small request followed by a large request

Question 29

obedience

Answer 29

following order usually of someone who is higher authority

Question 30

norms

Answer 30

standardized beliefs shared of members of a similar culture

Question 31

attribution

Answer 31

inference about the cause of a persons behaviour

Question 32

homophily

Answer 32

people like others that are similar to themselves

Question 33

common knowledge effect

Answer 33

group discussions are based on info that everyone shares

Question 34

deindividuation

Answer 34

people become less attentive to their personal values

Question 35

social loafing

Answer 35

contributes less in a group than when working alone