Chapter 11 Development

Question 1

zygote

Answer 1

fertilized egg with 100 cells, each become increasingly diverse. after 14 days it turns into embryo

Question 2

embryo

Answer 2

attachment to uterus, heart beat begins, recognizable body parts, major systems form

Question 3

fetus

Answer 3

9-40 weeks the body systems mature

Question 4

teragens

Answer 4

virus and drugs the that can slip through and cause abnormal development of birth defects

Question 5

alcohol consumption during birth

Answer 5

causes fetal alcohol syndrome and creates smalll misporpotional head, unusual facial features and life long brain abnormailties

Question 6

Jean Piaget

Answer 6

cognition: all mental activities with thinking, knowing, remembering and communicating

Question 7

stage 1: sensorimotor

Answer 7

birth- 2 years
experience through senses and moving around with it. object permanence: object continues to exists without being visible

Question 8

stage 2: pre operational

Answer 8

2-7 years
representing things through images, words, intuative rather than logical reasoning
playing pretend
egocentrism

Question 9

stage 3: concrete operational

Answer 9

7 to 11 years
logical sense of reasoning on clear and concrete rules of how the world operates
-conversation
-concrete thinking

Question 10

stage 4: formal operational

Answer 10

12 years- adulthood
can think logically about abstract propositions and hypotheticals

Question 11

secure attachment

Answer 11

explore environment happily
in the presence of a care giver
when care giver leaves show distress

Question 12

insecure attachment

Answer 12

cling to caregiver
less likely to explore environment
-will cry when caregiver leaves

Question 13

strange situation

Answer 13

behavioural test by Mary Ainsworth > demonstrates a childs attachment style

Question 14

Kohlbers moral development: stage 1

Answer 14

preconventional morality
-children avoid punishment or gain reward

Question 15

stage 2: conventional morality

Answer 15

adolescents: social rules and laws are upheld for their own sake

Question 16

stage 3: post conventional

Answer 16

follow personality perceived ethical perspectives - specific to individualistic cultures

Question 17

four parenting styles: authoritarian

Answer 17

-high behaviour standard
- strict parenting style
- little communication

Question 18

permissive

Answer 18

-high influence and communication
- little guidance, punishment, and control

Question 19

authoritative

Answer 19

-sets limits
- flexible because willing to negotiate
- best outcome for social development

Question 20

neglectful/ nonenvolved

Answer 20

-indifference
-unaware what happens in child life

Question 21

marital satisfaction overtime

Answer 21

marital satisfaction between men and women. marital satisfaction is highest before children are born and after they leave home

Question 22

peer relationships over time

Answer 22

adolescents make better decisions when no one is around. but when their peers are present it leads to more risks
has no effect on adults