Chapter 16: treatments of psychological disorders Flashcards
approaches to treatment
Treatment effectiveness: for better or for worse
Psychological treatment: healing through human interaction
biological treatment
healing through physical alteration of the brain -brain is treated through drugs, surgery, or other direct intervention
Sometimes both are applied
People who suffer from major depression tend to receive adequate care and mental health care was not fully received through 1 in 3 people who needed treatment
biological treatments
Antipsychotic medications: medication used to treat schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders
-chlorpromazine: one of the first antipsychotic drugs
These types of medications block dopamine receptors in certain parts of the brain
Work well with positive symptoms but not negative ones that require increase in dopamine at synapse
Anti-anxiety medications: drugs that help reduce people’s anxiety Antidepressants: help lift people’s mood
Two classes: monoamine oxidase inhibitor
Tricyclic antidepressant
Commonly used treatments: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
These act as neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine by inhibiting their breakdown and blocking reuptake.
behavioural therapy
involves maladaptive behaviour patterns
Therapist usually assume that this is learned from the past or constructive behaviors
Tehcniques used is reinforcement/punishment (operant) and classical conditioning (extinction)
- Eliminating unwanted behavior
- Promoting desired behavior
- Reducing unwanted emotional responses
interacting with clinicians
Environment used to change persons brain and behaviour
health professionals
Psychologists, psychiatrists (prescribe meds), social workers (dire life circumstances), counsellors (can range)
psychotherapy
interaction with a clinician the goal is to provide a relief or support from problem
Hans Eysenck (1916–1997) reviewed the effectiveness of psychotherapy across studies and found it impedes recovery
eclectic psychotherapy
involves drawing on techniques from different forms of therapy
psychodynamic therapy
Explores childhood events and encourages people to understand and develop insight to their problems
interpersonal therapy
help clients improve their relationships
- Treatment focuses believing symptoms will subside as interperonal relations improve
- Face to face
- Treatment usually helps people who suffer from anxiety and depressive disorders
psychoanalysis
Assumes that people are born with aggressive and sexual urges that are repressed during childhood through defense mechanisms
humanistic and existential approach
feelings can be reached from failure to reach one’s potential
feeling stem from failure to find meaning in life
Person centered therapy or client centered therapy (Rogers)
Form of therapy assumes growth
3 basic qualities therapist find
1) congruence body/words
2) empathy (understanding)
3) unconditional positive regard
existential therapy
The goal is to help the client become aware of their thoughts, behaviors, experiences, and taking responsibility for themselves.
-focus on a person’s current experience and mindfulness Empty chair technique – putting feelings into actions
Gestalt therapy
the goal of helping the client become aware of their thoughts, behaviours, experiences, and feelings by taking or own responsibility
