PVD1 Flashcards
stage 0 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD
- asymptomatic
stage 1 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD
- mild claudication
stage 2 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD
- moderate claudication
stage 3 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD
- severe claudication
stage 4 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD
- rest pain
stage 5 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD
- minor tissue loss
stage 6 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD
- severe tissue loss
PAD prevalence increases with
- age
persons with PAD have a greater chance of
- dying from CVD
- risk of mortality overall
big risk factors for vascular disease
- cigarette smoking
- diabetes
- hypertension
PAD symptoms
- claudication
- rest pain
- tissue loss/ulceration
rest pain and tissue loss/ulceration can lead to
- critical limb ischemia
treatment of PAD
- medical
- surgical
medical treatment of PAD
- exercise
- risk factor modification
surgical treatment of PAD
- bypass
- endovascular
medications for PAD
- cilostazol with walking
definition of an aneurysm
- 50% increase in diameter compared with expected normal diameter
protective factors for abdominal aortic aneurysm
- female sex
- black race
- diabetes mellitus
biggest etiology of abdominal aortic aneurysms
- degenerative nonspecific atherosclerosis
mycotic aneurysms due to
- secondary infection by staph, salmonella, strep
inflammatory aneurysms
- dense periaortic fibrosis
- inflammation
congenital syndromes for abdominal aortic aneurysms
- marfan syndrome
- type IV ehler’s danlos syndrome
marfan syndrome due to which defect
- fibrillin-1 defect
fibrillin 1 role
- main structural components in elastin-associated microfibrils
type IV Ehlers-danlos syndrome due to defect in
- type III procollagen
clinical presentation of AAA
- asymptomatic
- distal emboli
- abdominal or back pain
- rupture
rupture symptoms of AAA
- pain
- hypotension
- pulsatile mass
at what size does the risk of AAA start
- 5.5 cm
LaPlace’s law
- T=PxR
tension = pressure x radius
AAA diagnosis
- physical exam
- Xray
- ultrasound
- CT
- rupture
small AAA treatment
- serial CT scans
large AAA treatment
- surgical repair
ruptured AAA treatment
- emergent repair
symptomatic AAA treatment
- surgical repair
types of surgical repair for AAA
- open repair
- endovascular repair
stroke is which number leading cause of death
- 3rd
biggest cause of stroke
- infarction
atherosclerotic plaques commonly occurs at
- bifurcations
atherosclerotic plaques typically thickest at
- bulb and extends 2 cm
atherosclerotic plaques occurs where in the carotid artery
- along lateral wall
pathophysiology of stroke secondary to carotid stenosis due to
- embolism of overlying thrombus
- embolism of plaque fragments
- low flow through post stenotic segment
carotid stenosis presentation
- asymptomatic
- TIA
- stroke
carotid stenos diagnosis
- carotid duplex
- MRA
- angiogram
carotid duplex process
- B mode imaging to evaluate for plaque
carotid duplex measures
- velocities in common carotid, internal carotid, and external carotid arteries
medical treatment of carotid stenosis
- aspirin
- clopidogrel
surgical treatment of carotid stenosis
- carotid endarterectomy
- carotid stenting
