Nutrition Flashcards
triglycerides composed of
- glycerol
- 3 fatty acids
role of saturated fats on LDL concentration
- raise LDL concentration
where do we see saturated fats?
- diary
- butter
- tropical oils
when saturated fats were substituted, which had the greatest result in reducing LDLs
- PUFA - 25% (polyunsaturated)
- MUFA - 15% (monounsaturated)
diets that focus on reasonable amount of saturated fat and not on a single nutrient
- DASH
- Mediterranean
effect of monounsaturated fatty acids on LDL
- do not raise LDL
- improve other aspects of HDL and triglycerides
role of omega-6 fatty acids on blood lipids
- increased cholesterol synthesis; increased conversion to bile salts
- increase LDL receptor synthesis
- decrease conversion of VLDL to LDL
- inhibits fatty acid synthase activity
omega 3 fatty acids are found in
- fish oil
- fish
effect of omega 3 fatty acids on blood lipids
- suppress induction of enzymes in fatty acid and triglycerides synthesis
- increased LPL activity and inhibits apo C3
- increases reverse cholesterol transport
cholesterol is found in foods of _____ origin
- animal
role of plant sterols on LDL cholesterol
- lower LDL cholesterol
what arises mainly from the industrial hydrogenation of unsaturated fats in oils to increase in their shelf life
- trans fats
trans fats affect on LDL
- raise LDL cholesterol
mediterranean diet pattern
- high monounsaturated fats
- more legumes, whole grains, cereals, fruit, vegetables, and fish
- less meat and processed foods
- moderate milk consumption
- low red wine consumption
high blood pressure level
- 130/80
pre-hypertension level
- 120/80
DASH diet emphasizes foods high in
- potassium
- magnesium
- calcium
- fiber
goal of DASH diet
- lower BP
- low sodium diet
individuals with diabetes commonly have
- dyslipidemia
- hypertension
results of intensive lifestyle intervention on cardiovascular events in obese people with diabetes
- not associated with reduced cardiovascular events
myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid are all examples of what kind of dietary lipid
- saturated fats
palmitoleic acid and oleic acid are examples of what kind of dietary lipid
- monounsaturated fat
linoleic acid and g-linoleic acid are what kind of dietary lipid
- omega-6
current issue with omega-6
- linoleic acid can be converted to arachidonic acid
- arachidonic acid can produce proinflammatory compounds
a-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenic acid, and docohexaenoic acid are what kind of dietary lipid
- omega-3
overall result of omega-6
- decrease LDL cholesterol
- decrease total cholesterol
- decrease triglycerides
overall result of omega-3
- decrease triglycerides
- increase HDL cholesterol
