PVD 3 Flashcards
non-inflammatory peripheral vascular disorders
- varicose veins
- raynaud’s phenomenon
inflammatory peripheral vascular disorders
- vasculitides
- temporal arteritis
- polyarteritis nodosa
- Kawasaki’s disease
- takayasu’s disease
- buerger’s disease
tpktb
total bottoms keep playing together
cardiovascular neoplasms
- hemangioma
- kaposi’s sarcoma
- cardiac myxoma
tunica intima composed of
- endothelium
tunica media composed of
- smooth muscle
tunica adventitia composed of
- connective tissue
definition of varicose veins
- dilated, tortuous, superficial veins
what veins are generally affected by varicose veins
- saphenous
risk factors for varicose veins
- increased age
- genetics
- standing
- obesity
pathogenesis of varicose veins
- venous wall weakness
- increased venous pressure
- valve incompetence
clinical symptoms of varicose veins
- mild-severe
- cosmetic issues
- +/- aching
- +/- skin ulcers
which sex most affected by varicose veins
- women
definition of raynaud’s phenomenon
- arterial and arteriolar vasospasm
etiology of raynaud’s phenomenon
- cold
- emotions
which sex is most likely to get raynaud’s
- females
pathogenesis of raynaud’s
- arterial/arteriolar vasospasm in skin
which parts of the body most affected in raynaud’s
- fingers > toes»_space; nose, ears
associations of raynaud’s
- part of connective tissue disease
what connective tissue diseases can Raynaud’s be associated with
what do we call this association
- SLE
- scleroderma
- secondary raynaud’s
clinical progression of raynaud’s
- pallor (white) -> blue -> red
- (+/-) bilateral, symmetrical
- cold
- paresthesia
- pain
treatment of raynaud’s
- prevention
- Ca++ channel blockers
- alpha blockers
- vasodilators
another name of temporal arteritis
- giant cell arteritis
which is the most common vasculitis
- temporal arteritis
which population of people most usually gets temporal arteritis
- elderly
- women
etiology of temporal arteritis
- idiopathic
pathogenesis of temporal arteritis
- focal granuloma formation in med-large arteries
- forms in branches of carotid
which branch of the carotid does temporal arteritis often form in
- temporal
associations of temporal arteritis
- 50% have polymyalgia rheumatica
clinical symptoms of temporal arteritis
- unilateral throbbing temporal headache
- +/- visual involvement
- self limiting (1-5 years)
diagnosis of temporal arteritis
- erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- CRP
- biopsy
- imaging
treatment of temporal arteritis
- corticosteroids
polyarteritis nodosa normally affects which population
- men
- middle age
PN PENIS - who has problems with their penis? middle aged men!
etiology of polyarteritis nodosa
- idiopathic
pathogenesis of polyarteritis nodosa
- type 3 immune response = Ag-Ab complex
- fibrinoid necrosis
- thrombosis
- infarct
PN THINK PENIS AGAIN AND THEN TWO PENIS COMING TOGETHER TO FORM THE AG-AB COMPLEX
polyarteritis nodosa antigen is often
- Hep B in 30%
polyarteritis nodosa affects what
- small arteries (everywhere except lung)
polyarteritis nodosa clinical
- constitutional symptoms
- effects of stenosis/infarcts in varying arteries/organs
treatment of polyarteritis nodosa
- corticosteroids
Kawasaki disease mostly affects which population
- children
Kawasaki disease etiology
- idiopathic
- incidental infection -> nonspecific immune system activation
Kawasaki disease pathogenesis
- systemic necrotizing vasculitis in small-med arteries
- lymphadenopathy
Kawasaki disease clinical
- fever
- rash
- mucosal lesions
- lympadenopathy
Kawasaki disease 70% of people have involvement of
- coronary arteries +/- aneurysm
- acute, self-limiting
Kawasaki disease treatment
- IV immunoglobulins
- aspirin
takayasu arteritis also called
- aortic arch syndrome
- pulseless disease
takayasu arteritis mostly affects which population
- females
- < 40 years old
takayasu arteritis etiology
- idiopathic
takayasu arteritis pathogenesis
- granulomas inflammation in med-large arteries
- +/- stenosis/thrombosis/aneurysm
- aorta and branches (retinal vessels also)
takayasu arteritis clinical
- inflammatory phase -> constitutional symptoms
- effects of stenosis of varying arteries including decreased pulse
decreased pulse is due if arteritis is in which artery
- subclavian
takayasu arteritis treatment
- corticosteroids
buerger’s disease other name
- thromboangitis obliterans
buerger’s disease epidemiology
most affects
- uncommon
- men under 40 years old
buerger’s disease etiology
- tobacco use (smoking)
- genetics
buerger’s disease pathogenesis
- acute inflammation in small-med arteries and distal limbs
- inflammation
- thrombosis
- infarcts
buerger’s disease clinical
- intermittent claudication
- pain
- can progress to ulcers and gangrene
buerger’s disease treatment
- cease tobacco use
hemangioma definition
- benign tumor of the blood vessels
which sex is most affected by hemangioma
- females
hemangioma histolopathology
- proliferation of endothelium
- creating large and/or small vascular channels
hemangiomas mostly occur on
- skin
- mucous membrane
- internal organs
hemangiomas that arise in childhoood
- birthmark
hemangioma that arise in childhood and regress by 10 years old
composed of
- strawberry/capillary
- small vascular channels
hemangioma that arise in childhood and don’t regress
composed of
- port wine stain/cavernous
- large vascular channels
hemangiomas that arise in adulthood and don’t regress
composed of
- cherry
- large vascular channels
people pop their cherry in adulthood
Kaposi’s sarcoma etiology
- HHV8
Kaposi’s sarcoma epidemiology
- AIDS
Kaposi’s sarcoma pathogenesis
- infected endothelial cells -> unregulated growth
Kaposi’s sarcoma mostly affects which part of the body
- skin
- mucous membranes (everywhere)
Kaposi’s sarcoma rashes
- red-purple-brown
- macules-nodules
- any size/shape
Kaposi’s sarcoma histopathology
- spindle cells (malignant endothelial cells)
- blood filled vascular spaces
cardiac myxoma defintion
- benign neoplasm of primitive connective tissue
cardiac myxoma epidemiology
- most common primary neoplasm of the heart
cardiac myxoma most affected which part of the heart
left atrium > right atrium > ventricles
cardiac myxoma patholgoy
- pedunculated
- composed of ECM + few tumor cells
cardiac myxoma symptoms arise from
- obstruction of blood flow in the involved chamber of the heart
