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Oral Pathology > Pulp and Periapical Disease Exam 2 > Flashcards

Pulp and Periapical Disease Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is pulpitis ?

A

Starts w/ an injury to the tooth

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2
Q

What are the most common bacteria in pulpititis?

A
  • Mutans group streptococci
  • Streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus
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3
Q

What is the pulp ?

A
  • Connective tiisue that reacts to injury with inflammatory response
    Accessory canals may lead to inflammation on the lateral portion of the root
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4
Q

What causes a pulpitis ?

A
  • Caries (PRIMAY CAUSE)
  • Cracks in corwn or root
  • Periodontal pockets
  • Trauma from blows
  • Bruxism, abrasion, erosion
  • Latrogenic
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5
Q

What is Reversible Pulpitis and what is its treatment ?

A
  • Tooth is asymptomatic unless stimulated
  • Pain sharp and intense 5-10 min
  • Temp changes
  • Treatment: protect pulp from further thermal stimulation
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6
Q

What is irreversible pulpitis?

A
  • Spontaneous Pain lasting 20 min
  • Pulpal tissue exhibits acute and chronic inflammatory changes
  • Less intense pain as granulation tissue replaces pulp during healing
  • Pain may become initiated or worsen when PT lays down
  • Difficult to know which tooth

Treatment: Root canal or extraction

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7
Q

What is acute pulpitis?

A

Result of rapid bacterial invasion (mostly in kids)
No drainage

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8
Q

What is chronic pulpitis?

A
  • Usually the result of chronic, loawgrade irritant.
  • Reparative dentin acts as a barrier
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9
Q

What is Pulpal Necrosis?

A
  • Pulp tissue no longer living
  • result from sudden trauma in blood supplyy is severed
  • Result of untreated pulpitis
  • Tissue being replaced by granulation tissue
  • First sign tooth discoloration
  • asymptomatic
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10
Q

What are the common diagnostic techniques?

A
  • History and nature of pain
  • Reaction to thermal
  • Reactionn to electrical stimulation
  • REaction to percussion
  • Radiographic examination
  • Visual exam
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11
Q

What is chronic hyperplastic pulpitis?

A

Rare condition seen in childrens molars
Result of rampant acute caries
Crown disintegrates before the pulp
Also known as Pulp polyp

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12
Q

What is a periapical lesions?

A

Lesions that forms depends on:
virulence of microorganis,
Extent of sclerosis of dentinal tubules,
Host immune response

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13
Q

What are the factors for a chronic pulpitis ?

A

Low virulence bacteria
Older tooth with sclerotic dentin
Healthy patient= mild, chronic symps, healing= granulation tissue, scare tissue and dense bone

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14
Q

What are the factors for acute pulpitis?

A
  • Virulent bacteria, young tooth with open dentinual tubles = rapid intense destruction
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15
Q

What are common lesions follwoing pulpitis?

A
  • Periapical granuloma
  • Periapical cyst
  • Periapical abscess
  • Osteomyelitis
  • Cellulitis
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16
Q

What is the map for chronic?

A

Chronic apical periodontitis –> Periapricall granuloma —> Periapical cyst

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17
Q

What is the map for actue?

A

Periapical abscess –> Osteomyelitis –> Chronic osteromyelitis, cellulitis, Garre osteomyelitis

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18
Q

What lesions can turn into each other?

A

Abscess (Pus), Cyst (epithellial lining) and Granuloma (Granulation tissue)

19
Q

What is a periapical abscess?

A

initial lesion that develops when acute pulpitis extends into adjacent tissue
- Can have elevated temperature and malaise
- Tooth extruded in the socket, great pain, elevated temo, malaise, swelling and redness at apex
- Pus seeks drainage along the path of least resistance
- Treatment: incise and drain, antibiotics then extraction/root canal

20
Q

What is a periapical Granuloma?

A
  • Most common lesion that occurs after necrosis
  • Occurs as chronic pulpitis progresses into the periapical region
  • can show slight vitality with pul test
  • widened PDL
  • Pulp now consists with granulation and dense fibrous
    Treatment: Root canal, apioectomy or extraction
21
Q

What is periapical cyst ?

A

Common development in a long-standing untreated periapcal granuloma
* Stimulated by low grade inflammation
* Develops continously intil it destroys large portion of alveolar bone

*Treatment: Surgical removal

22
Q

What is osteomyelitis?

A

An inflammatory process within trabecular bone
** Most commonly caused by direct extension of an untreated periapical abscess

Treatmet: radiation therapy to the head

23
Q

What is acute osteomyelitis?

A
  • Severe pain
  • Elevated temp
  • Lympnadenopathy
  • Island of dead bone surronded by purluent exudate
24
Q

What is Chronic Osteomyleitis?

A
  • Occurs in response to low grade inflammatory process
  • osteocytes stimulate dense trabecular bone
  • Little to no pain
25
Q

What are the two types of chronic osteomyelitis?

A

Sclerosing osteomyelitis
Garre Osteomyelitis

26
Q

Who does Garre osteomyelitis occur in ?

A

Children as a hyperplastic reaction to chronic osteomyelitis

27
Q

What are the treatments for Sclerosing and Garre OSteomyelitis?

A

Sclerosing- none, dense bone remians
Garre- Reverts to normal after source eliminated

28
Q

What is Cellulitis?

A
  • Painful swelling of head and face
  • Enzymes exudate bacteria break decrease fascia surrounding muscle bundles allows exudate to spread and cavise swelling
29
Q

What is the cause of cellulitis?

A
  • spread of purelent exudate along fascial planes
  • Extension of periapical abscess into soft tissue
30
Q

What is the symptoms of cellulitis?

A
  • Pain
  • Increase temp
  • Malase
  • Lymphadenopathy
31
Q

What are the resulting conditions for cellulitis

A
  • Pulp Stones- often in chronic pulpitis
  • No pain/clinical signifance
  • No tx necessary
  • maxillary involvement: spread to eye and brain
  • Luduig angina- spread to FOM and Neck= suffocation
32
Q

What are the different types of resorption ?

A

Types: external and internal

33
Q

What is external resorption ?

A

Loss of structure that begin on outside
caused by : pressure form tumors, cysts, occlusal/mechaniacal forces, impaction

34
Q

What is the internal resorption ?

A
  • Begins within pulp
35
Q

What are root fractures?

A
  • Tooth=brittle (after root canal)
  • More prone to fracture
36
Q

What is pericontitis?

A

Inflammation of mucosa around partially erupted tooth- mand 3rd=most common

-operculum: Tissue flap

Tx: Irrigate
Antibitoics
Extraction
Trim operculum

37
Q

What is Alveolar osteoitis ?

A

“Dry socket”
post op complication of tooth extraction
clot lost by healed
raw denuded bone=exposed

38
Q

What are the symptoms of alveolar osteoitis?

A

Very painful
Bad odor/taste
not an infection

39
Q

What are facial disturances ?

A
  • Failure of palatine process to fuse w/ premaxilla= cleft
40
Q

What are the different Soft tissue abnormalities?

A
  • Lip pits
  • Double lip
41
Q

What are the different abnormalities of the tongue ?

A
  • Ankyloglossia
  • Macroglossia
  • Bifid tongue
  • Median rhomboid glossitis
  • Fissured tongue
  • Erythema migrans
  • Hairl tongue
42
Q

What are the abnormalities of the teeth?

A

Anodonta
Hypodontia/oligontia
Supernumerary–> mesiodens

43
Q

What are the abnormalities of the size of teeth?

A

Microdontia

Oral Pathology (14 decks)

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