Developmental Cysts Exam 2 Flashcards
What is a cyst ?
A sac or cavity lined with epithelium and enclosed in connective tissue
Well-circumscribed
What can a cyst be classified as?
Odontogenic- epithelium was related to tooth development
Nonodontogenic- epithelium was not related to tooth development but came from fusion of embryonic processes
What is the Odontogenic Cysts?
- Entrapped epithlium grows, accumulates fluid and induces reactive fibrous tissue formation
- Epithelium can come from enamel organ, the reduced enamel epithelium, epithelial rests of malassez or residual dental lamina,
- Classified acording to lovatin cause or origin of the epithelium
What is intraosseous Odontogenic cysts?
- Dentigerous or follicular cyst
- Primordial cyst
- Ondontogenic Keraocyst
- Lateral periofontal cyst
- Periapical cyst
- Residual cyst
What is extraosseous Odontogenic cysts?
- Eruption cyst
- Ginigval cyst
What are dentigerous or follicular cyst ?
forms around the crown of an unerupted tooth
Treatment- complete removal of cyst, usually the tooth also
What are eruption cyst?
-Similar to dentigerous cyst but it is found in the soft tissue around the crown of an erupting tooth
- Tooth can erupt through cyst
- No treatment necessary
What is primordial cyst ?
- Develops in place of tooth
- Treatment involves complete removal
What is odontogenic Keratocyst
- Develops from the dental lamina or its remnants
- Mostly found in **males ** in the mandibular posterior region
- Treatment: surgical removal and careful followup
What is periodontal cysts?
- Arise from remenants of epithelial rests of malassez in the PDL
- Occurs because of a result of infection from the pulp chamber- chronic condition, tooth non-vital
*Treatment for both is surgical removal
Periodontal Cyst (Radicular Cyst)
- Most Common cyst seen in the oral cavity
- Caused by pulpal inflammation
- Develops in a pre-existing periapical granuloma in non-vital tooth
- Treatment: surgical removal, should be microscpoically examined- rarely squamous cell carcinoma develops
What is Residual Cyst ?
- Forms when part of a periapical cyst is left behind
- Appears as well circumscribed radiolucency at the site of the extraction
- Treatment- Surgical removal
What is gingival cysts ?
- Gingival cysts of the newborn- remnants of the dental lamina degenerate and form cysts
- Filled with kertain so appear as multiple white nodules
What is Palatal cysts of the newborn?
- epsteins pearl- epithelium entrapped during fusion of the palate
- Bohns nodules- minor salivary glands appears as firm, small, whote nodules in groups anywhere in the hard palate
- Usually resolve and need no treatment
What is gingival cyst of the adult?
- Arises from dental lamina (rests of Serres)
- Similar to lateral periodontal cyst in site and behavior
- Treatment- Surgical removal
What is nonodontogenic cysts
- occur when epithelium becomes entrapped during fusion of embryonic processes
- Also called fissural cysts
*occur in bone or soft tissue
What is a nasoplatine (incisive canal) cyst ?
- Forms from remnants of the nasopalatine duct
- Located within the incisive canal or incisive papilla
- most are asymptomatic found on routine radiographs
- radiographically appears as well as a well defined heart shaped
- surgical removal
what is a median palatine cyst ?
- Forms from epithelium trapped during fusion of the palatine processes
- Found in the midline of the palate, more posterior than the nasopalatine cyst
- Radiographically appears as well defined, unilocular radiolucency
- Treatment- Surgical removal
What is Globulomaxilary cyst ?
odontogenic origin
Found between maxillary lateral and canine
Radiographically appears as well defined upside down pear shaped
Surgical removal
What is the median mandibular cyst ?
Appears below the apices of the incisors
Surgical removal
What is Nasolabial Cyst?
- Epithelium believed to come from remnants of the nasolacimal duct
- Found: Junction of the globular, lateral nasal and maxillary processes
- Clinically appears as a swelling in the mucolabial fold in the area of the canine fossa, more common in females
- no radiographic evience since is in soft tissue
- Treatment-surgical removal
What is Lymphoepithelial (Branchial cleft) Cyst
- Arises from epithelium, trapped in a cervical lymph node during development
- Intraorally, floor of the mouth and lateral borders of the tongue most common
- on the sternocleidomastoid muscle
- Clinically appears- pinkish-yellow nodule or moveable mass on the nexk
- Treatment- surgical removal prognosis is good
Epidermoid and Dermoid Cysts
- Epidermoid- Arise from epithelium of the hair follicle and resemble the epidermis (face, neck scalp)
- Dermoid- include in the cyst wall hair follicles (oral cavity floor of the mouth
- If between teeth is called- teratoma
What is thyroglossal tract cyst?
- Develops from remnants of the duct that served as the path for the thyroid gland to migrate from the oral cavity
- Senn mostly in children
- Occurs below the hyoid bone
- Treatment- surgical removal of the cyst
- 5% recurrence rate and some cases have carcinoma arise
