Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Pulm: Drugs used to Treat Fungal Infections > Flashcards

Pulm: Drugs used to Treat Fungal Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Polyene fungal drug

A

Amphotericin B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Azole drugs for Pulm infections

A

Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Voriconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Echiocandin Drugs for Pulm Infections

A

Caspofungin
Micafungin
Andidudlafungin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

MOA of Amphotericin B

A

Bind to ergosterol of fungal cells

but also cholesterol in human cells!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What organ is amphotericin specifically toxic for?

A

Nephrotoxic

-BB warning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Adverse effects of amphotericin?

A 
CNS-headache, fever, chills
Renal-toxic
GI-dyspepsia, pain, cramping
CV-hypotension
Resp-tachypnea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What should you do when first prescribing amphotericin?

A

Prevent overdose–>cardiopulm arrest
-tell patients to verify name and dosage before administration

Monitor Closely!
-look for N/V, chills, rigors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Indications for amphotericin?

A

Those with life threatening fungal infections, NOT noninvasive forms such as thrush or candidiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MOA of the azoles?

A

Interrupt the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol by binding fungal CYP450

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What make voriconazole different than the other azoles?

A

Newer, so they have more activity against strains of Candida resistant to fluconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Should you give terfenadine with fluconazole?

A

No, contraindicated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What drugs should you not proscribe with fluconazole?

A

Those that prolong QT interval

-Class Ia and III antiarrythmics, erythromycin, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Is fluconazole safe in pregnancy?

A

No, has not been established

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If a patient has QT prolongation or hypokalemia, is fluconazole appropriate?

A

Nope

-he has this like 4 times (important?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The azole antifungals inhibit what CYP?

A

CYP3A4

-therefore increase the concentrations of a variety of drugs (CCBs, immunosuppressants, chemo, macrolides, SSRIs) etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What can be done to increase absorption of Itraconazole?

A

Take with food and a high acidic beverage (OJ)

-increases absorption

17
Q

When is itraconazole contraindicated?

A

Pregnancy, Left ventricular dysfunction, and HF (BB warning)

18
Q

What are some adverse effects of intraconazole?

A

Hepatic damage

-jaundice, dark urine, N/V

19
Q

MOA of voriconazole (slightly different than other azoles?)

A

Inhibits CYP450 mediated 14 alpha-lanosterol dimethylation

20
Q

If a patient has QT prolongation or hypokalemia, is voriconazole appropriate?

A

Nope, can also prolong QT

21
Q

What should you monitor before starting and during voriconazole therapy?

A

Hepatic liver tests

22
Q

Which CYP does Voriconazole have the highest affinity for?

A

CYP2C19

23
Q

Should you alter dosage of voriconazole in renal impairment?

A

Oral does NOT need an adjustment, but parenteral does

24
Q

MOA of the echinocandins?

A

inhibit B(1-3)-D-glucan synthesis, so block the cell wall synthesis

25
Q

Indications for the echinocandins?

A

IV use of systemic candida infection

26
Q

Which anti-fungal can cause red-man syndrome?

A 
The echinocandins (-fungins)
-mast cell histamine release
27
Q

Which echinocandin has had life threatening hypotension and bradycardia associated with it?

A

Anidulafungin

28
Q

BB warnings of the echinocandins?

A 
Hepatic malignancy (shown in rats)
-monitor LFTs!!
29
Q

MOA of flucytosine?

A

Prodrug of 5-fluorodeoxyuridulic acid, which interferes with DNA synthesis

30
Q

What is flucytosine mainly used for now?

A

Combined with liposomal amphotericin for cryptococcal meningitis

can also be used in life threatening candidiasis

31
Q

BB warning for flucystosine?

A

Renal and Hepatic impairment
-monitor closely

Also bone marrow toxicity

32
Q

Is flucystosine okay during pregnancy? what about breastfeeding?

A

No and No

Pharmacology (50 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions