GI: Treatment of GI Infections Flashcards
Treatments for C. Diff
Vancomycin (oral glycopeptide)
Findaxamicin (macrolide)
Treatment for C. jejuni, Salmonella, and Shigella
Ciprofloxacin
Azithromycin
+ others!
What are the two options for treating helminths?
Benzimidazoles
-albendazole, mebendazole, thiabendazole
Misc.
- ivermectin
- nitazoxanide
- praziquantel
- pyrantel pamoate
MOA for the Benzimidazoles?
- Inhibit microtubule polymerization via B-tubulin binding
- -reduces glucose transport - Inhibit Mito fumarate reductase
- resulting in immobilization and death
Ivermectin MOA
Inhibits glutamate gated Cl- channels
-induces hyperpolarization to paralyze worms
MOA of Nitazoxanide
interferes with pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) enzyme depenedent electron transfer that is essential to anaerobic energy metabolism
MOA of praziquantel
Increases cell permeability=loss of Ca leading massive contractions and paralysis
Pyrantel pamoate MOA
Depolarizing NM blocker
- opens non-selective cation channels and activates nicotinic ach receptors
- -massive Ach release=spastic paralysis of parasites
What are the two anti-protozoals?
Paromomycin
Metronidazole and Tinidazole
Paramomycin MOA
Unknown, maybe works to inhibit 30s
MOA for metronidazole
pro-drug; activated by electron transfer that creates nitro-free radicals as electron sink to destroy DNA
How would you treat amebiasis?
metronidazole followed by paromomycin
how would you treat anclostoma/necator americanus? (hookworms that cause IDA)
Albendazole
How would you treat ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm)?
Albendazole
How would you treat giardia?
Metronidazole (tinidazole)
